1-Hydroxyethyl hydroperoxide

Hartree-Fock calculations, peracid alkene epoxidation, 48-50 Hazardous materials commercial codes, 621 emergency response, 746-7 environmental hazards, 747, 751-3 labels, 751-3 NIOSH Pocket Guide, 749 occupational hazards, 747-9 safety issues, 744-9 HDL see High-density lipoprotein Heat of formation see Enthalpy of formation HEHP (1-hydroxyethyl hydroperoxide), 605, 638... 

Other hydroperoxides have also been detected at small concentrations in air. For example, Hewitt and Kok (1991) reported the presence of 1-hydroxyethyl hydroperoxide as well as an unidentified compound, perhaps hydroxybutyl hydroperoxide, in air in rural Colorado. 

The first step within this project was to improve the HPLC-fluorescence method [1] in order to determine not only hydrophilic but also lipophilic hydroperoxides of up to seven carbon atoms. Among the aspects investigated were colunm length, mixed solvent and gradient elution and the use of microperoxidase instead of horseradish peroxidase in the detection system [2, 3]. The use of microperoxidase let us add secondary, tertiary and other branched hydroperoxides to the list of peroxide species we can determine. For full analysis a number of hydroperoxides were synthesised as standards for retention time and quantitation methyl hydroperoxide (MHP), ethyl hydroperoxide (EHP), 1- and 2-propyl hydroperoxides (PHPs), 1-butyl hydro-peroxide (1-BHP), hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide (HMHP), 1-hydroxyethyl hydroperoxide (1-HEHP), 2-hydroxyethyl hydroperoxide (2-HEHP), 1-hydroxypropyl hydroperoxide (1-HPHP), 1-hydroxybutyl hydroperoxide (1-HBHP), 1- hydroxypentyl hydroperoxide (1-HPentHP),... 

Special emphasis has been laid on the formation of H2O2, hydroperoxides and hydroxy-hydroperoxides. Systematic studies of their yields for a number of alkenes have been made with and without the addition of water vapour (Becker, Gab, Moortgat). In the case of ethene, the formation of 2-hydroxyethyl hydroperoxide clearly can be related to the reaction OH + ethene. It was also possible to compare the product yields of hydroperoxides from the alkene + O3 reactions in the gas phase with that in the aqueous phase (Gab), (Table 6b). The product distribution is different and, in general, the yields of a-hydroxy-hydroperoxides in the aqueous phase are 10 times higher than in the gas phase. In the presence of formaldehyde, the simplest Criegee intermediate, CH2OO, forms hydroxylmethyl formate (Becker, Moortgat), which eventually decomposes into formic acid. 

The products of the ozonolysis of ethene in the presence of added water vapour were analysed for the hydroperoxides H2O2, HOCH2OOH (hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide = HMHP) and HOC2H4OOH (2-hydroxyethyl hydroperoxide = 2-HEHP). 

Dimethyl peroxide Diethyl peroxide Di-t-butyl-di-peroxyphthalate Difuroyl peroxide Dibenzoyl peroxide Dimeric ethylidene peroxide Dimeric acetone peroxide Dimeric cyclohexanone peroxide Diozonide of phorone Dimethyl ketone peroxide Ethyl hydroperoxide Ethylene ozonide Hydroxymethyl methyl peroxide Hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide 1-Hydroxyethyl ethyl peroxide 1 -Hydroperoxy-1 -acetoxycyclodecan-6-one Isopropyl percarbonate Isopropyl hydroperoxide Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide Methyl hydroperoxide Methyl ethyl peroxide Monoperoxy succinic acid Nonanoyl peroxide (75% hydrocarbon solution) 1-Naphthoyl peroxide Oxalic acid ester of t-butyl hydroperoxide Ozonide of maleic anhydride Phenylhydrazone hydroperoxide Polymeric butadiene peroxide Polymeric isoprene peroxide Polymeric dimethylbutadiene peroxide Polymeric peroxides of methacrylic acid esters and styrene... 

Benson SW, Shaw R (1970) Thermochemistry of organic peroxides, hydroperoxides, polyoxides, and their radicals. In Swern D (ed) Organic peroxides, vol I. Wiley, New York, pp 105-139 Berdnikov VM, Bazhin NM, Fedorov VK, Polyakov OV (1972) Isomerization of the ethoxyl radical to thea-hydroxyethyl radical in aqueous solution. KinetCatal (EngITransI) 13 986-987 Besler BH, Sevilla MD, MacNeille P (1986) Ab initio studies of hydrocarbon peroxyl radicals. J Phys Chem 90 6446-6451... 

The hydroperoxide then reacts immediately with excess thiol to produce disulphide, hydroxyethyl sulphide and water [107]. 

Storage-stable anaerobic formulations can be prepared with no hydroperoxide if the methacrylate resin is aerated in the presence of an amide and a tertiary amine [42]. Anaerobic adhesives have been formulated with alkyl hydroxyethyl peroxides such as t-butyl-2-hydroxyethyl peroxide (XLVII) [43]. An adhesive formulated with t-butylperoxymaleic acid has improved surface adhesion (XLVIII) [44]. 

Oleyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline PEG-5M PEG-7M PEG-14M Polyacrylamide flocculant, anionic water treatment Acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer flocculant, aq. systems Poly [oxyethylene (dimethyliminio) ethylene (dimethyliminio) ethylene dichloride] flocculant, aq./fatty food-contact paper/paperboard Polyquaternium-6 flocculant, boiler treatment Sodium nitrite flocculant, bonding agents Acrylamides copolymer flocculant, borine-contg. solutions t-Butyl hydroperoxide flocculant, car wax emulsions Oleyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline flocculant, carpet backings Acrylamides copolymer flocculant, cement Polyacrylamide flocculant, ceramic treatment PEG-5M PEG-9M PEG-23M PEG-45M... 

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