Anaerobic stable

Activation by a metal surface also takes place in the commercially important anaerobic adhesives. These one-part adhesives are stable in the package, but cure quickly in an oxygen-free environment such as a tightly controlled bond line. Important applications include thread-locking, sealing, retaining, and some structural bonding [111]. A representative model formulation has recently been described [112] (Fig. 3). 

The primary advantage of aerobic digestion is that it produces a biologically stable end product suitable for subsequent treatment in a variety of processes. Volatile solids reductions similar to anaerobic digestion are possible. Some parameters affecting the aerobic digestion process are ... 

Secondary alkanesulfonates are easily biodegradable under aerobic conditions but are less so in an anaerobic environment, a feature common to all sulfonates with the stable carbon-sulfur bond. The recent discussions on anaerobic biodegradation [103] should be put into perspective since in the sewage or deposition path a temporary anaerobic step quickly gives way to a stage where natural conditions, which are aerobic, prevail. Thus, anaerobic biodegradation... 

Developments in the synthesis and characterization of stable silylenes (RiSi ) open a new route for the generation of silyl radicals. For example, dialkylsilylene 2 is monomeric and stable at 0 °C, whereas N-heterocyclic silylene 3 is stable at room temperature under anaerobic conditions. The reactions of silylene 3 with a variety of free radicals have been studied by product characterization, EPR spectroscopy, and DFT calculations (Reaction 3). EPR studies have shown the formation of several radical adducts 4, which represent a new type of neutral silyl radicals stabilized by delocalization. The products obtained by addition of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-l-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) to silylenes 2 and 3 has been studied in some detail. ... 

After approximately 90 min of anoxia, the induced synthesis of an additional group of c. 20 polypeptides is first detected. This group of 20 anaerobic polypeptides (ANPs) represents more than 70% of the total labelled amino acid incorporation after five hours of anaerobiosis (Fig. 3). By this time the synthesis of the TPs is at a minimal level however, these polypeptides accumulate to a high level during early anaerobiosis and have been shown by pulse-chase experiments to be very stable. The synthesis of... 

Recently, anaerobic filter process has been widely used for the treatment of various waste-waters because of several advantages over aerobic process such as lower nutrient requirement, less surplus sludge production, and energy recovery via methane production [1]. Although many types of anaerobic filter process have already been successfully commercialized, the details of their complicated process dynamics are still challenging issues to be clarified for their stable operations. 

Cyanidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside were degraded at 100°C in weak acidic solutions at pH range 1 to 4 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions." The degradation revealed that cyanidin 3-glucoside was more stable under both conditions." ... 

Stable metabolic associations generally between pairs of anaerobic bacteria have been termed syntrophs, and these are effective in degrading a number of aliphatic carboxylic acids or benzoate under anaerobic conditions. These reactions have been discussed in reviews (Schink 1991, 1997 Lowe et al. 1993) that provide lucid accounts of the role of syntrophs in the degradation of complex organic matter. Two examples are given here to illustrate the experimental intricacy of the problems besetting the study of syntrophic metabolism under anaerobic conditions ... 

Allard A-S, P-A Hynning, C Lindgren, M Remberger, AH Neilson (1991) Dechlorination of chlorocatechols by stable enrichment cultures of anaerobic bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 57 7784. 

Particularly for anaerobes, however, it is often difficnlt to obtain pure cultures, and sediment or sludge slurries have frequently been used. Examples of studies that have used stable enrichment... 

Krieger CJ, W Roseboom, SPJ Albracht, AM Sporman (2001) A stable organic free radical in anaerobic benzylsuccinate synthase of Azoarcus sp. strain T.J Biol Chem TIC. 12924-12927. 

Sullivan ER, X Zhang, C Phelps, LY Young (2001) Anaerobic mineralization of stable-isotope-labeled 2-methylnaphthalene. Appl Environ Microbiol 67 4353-4357. 

Bedard DL, JJ Bailey, BE Reiss, G van S Jerzak (2006) Development and characterization of stable sediment-free anaerobic bacterial enrichment cnltnres that dechlorinate Arochlor 1260. Appl Environ Microbiol 72 2460-2470. 

Kasai Y, Y Takahata, M Manefield, K Watanabe (2006) RNA-based stable isotope probing and isolation of anaerobic benzene-degrading bacteria from gasoline-contaminated groundwater. Appl Environ Microbiol 72 3586-3592. 

Kuder T, JT Wilson, P Kaiser, R Kolhatkar, P Philp, J Allen (2005) Enrichment of stable carbon and hydrogen isotopes during anaerobic biodegradation of MTBE microcosm and field evidence. Environ Sci Technol 39 213-220. 

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