Hydronephrosis bilateral

Bilateral hydronephrosis and acute renal insufficiency due to urinary tract stones predominantly composed of ciprofloxacin has been reported (42). 

Chopra N, Fine PL, Price B, Atlas I. Bilateral hydronephrosis from ciprofloxacin induced crystalluria and stone formation. J Urol 2000 164(2) 438. 

Upper renal tract disorders with ureteric reflux and bilateral hydronephrosis has been briefly reported in a patient with a history of cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis (SEDA-22, 410 11). 

Interlobular and afferent arterioles showed thickening of their walls due to a swelling of the endothelial cells. These aspects suggest that the primary lesions could be located in the vessel walls leading to ischemia and interstitial fibrosis [34]. In one case, an extension of the fibrotic process to the pelvis and the ureter was observed [33], what may explain the unusual presentation of this case with a bilateral hydronephrosis [35]. 

A 26-year-old man, a known ketamine user, collapsed. He had previously had severe urinary tract dysfunction treated with antibiotics [5Z J. A CT scan of the abdomen showed bilateral hydronephrosis and cystoscopy showed a significantly reduced bladder capacity without ureteric obstruction. He was hypotensive, acidotic, and in acute renal failure and... 

Case series Seven men and three women, aged 20-30 (mean 25) years, who had all abused ketamine for 1-4 years, developed dysuria, increased frequency (having to void once every 15 minutes), urgency, urge incontinence, and painful hematuria [58 ]. None had positive urine cultures. Functional bladder capacities were 30-100 ml. Urodynamic tests showed detrusor overactivity, with urinary leakage when the bladder was filled to a capacity of 30-50 ml. There was bilateral reflux in one case and unilateral reflux in two seven had bilateral hydronephrosis. [The title of this paper is confusing, since street ketamine is a term that is used to refer to phencyclidine however, in the paper the authors refer to ketamine.]... 

Pregnancy Ababy boy was bom at 35 weeks gestation to a mother being treated with oxcarbazepine 1400 mg/day. The baby developed hyponatremia by day of life four, and a withdrawal syndrome by day seven. He was additionally found to have severe left hydronephrosis and bilateral hyperechogenic renal parenchyma compatible with renal dysplasia on kidney ultrasoxmd, as well as mild aortic stenosis, a bicuspid aortic valve, patent foramen ovale, and patent ductus arteriosus on echocardiogram [112 ]. 

Fig.1.2.1a-f. Normal MR urogram in 3-month-old boy with antenatal hydronephrosis. Images a-c show same slice from each of three separate volume acquisitions, whereas d-f show MIP projections derived from the same three separate time points, a and d show the cortical phase, b and e were acquired 60 s later and demonstrate enhancement of both the cortex and medulla with the signal intensity of the medulla exceeding the cortex, c and f were acquired 115 s after the vascular phase and show excretion into the calyces, renal pelvis and ureters. The renal transit time was 2 min and 20 s bilaterally and the volumetric DRF was 51 49... 

Pinter AB, Szabo L, Szever ZS et al (1997) Bilateral congenital segmental megaureter. J Urol 158 570-571 Ransley PG, Dhillon HK, Gordon I et al (1990) The postnatal management of hydronephrosis diagnosed by antenatal US. JUrol 144 584-587... 

Ectopic ureterocele develops at the lower end of the upper pole ureter of a duplicated kidney. It is a cyst-like thin-walled structure that is known to be mobile and variable in shape. During fetal life, the ureterocele can prolapse into the posterior urethra and create obstruction (Fig. 6.9). Bilateral hydronephrosis and megacystis can subsequently develop. Clinical diagnosis can be made at birth in girls with a perineal soft tissue mass, megacystis and bilateral urinary tract obstruction. Sonographic diagnosis can be difficult when the ectopic ureterocele has... 

In some patients, inflammatory changes can be so intense that infravesical obstruction with bilateral hydronephrosis is created. Differentiating pseudo-tumoral cystitis (Hoeffel et al. 1993) and a tumor can be difficult and occasionally may require more sophisticated imaging modalities (MRI, cystoscopy and biopsy) (Fig. 6.13). This applies to another rare inflammatory condition of the urinary bladder of unknown origin, eosinophilic cystitis. This inflammatory process is characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the bladder wall. MR findings of this... 

Fig. 13.10a-c. VUR in utero. a Coronal view of the fetal trunk showing bilateral hydronephrosis (D) and unilateral ureteral dilatation (arrow). Ch, fetal chest. b,c Transverse scans of the fetal abdomen a few seconds apart showing variable dilatation of the renal pelvic dilatation, highly suggestive of VUR. Sp, spine... 

Morin L, Cendron M, Crombleholme M et al (1996) Minimal hydronephrosis in the fetus clinical significance and implications for management. J Urol 155 2047-2049 Mouriquand PDE, Troisfontaines E, Wilcox DT (1999) Antenatal and perinatal uronephrology current questions and dilemmas. Pediatr Nephrol 13 938-944 Muller F, Dommerguez M, Mandelbrot L (1993) Fetal urinary biochemistry predicts postnatal renal function in children with bilateral obstructive uropathies. Obstet Gynecol 82 813-820... 

Fig. 14.2a-c. Male, 2 months old moderate bilateral fetal hydronephrosis, VCU. Reduced bladder filling volume (20 ml) residual urine early uninhibited detrusor contractions transformed into premature micturition, a Minor bladder trabecu-lation, short phase of normal micturition. b,c Dyscoordinated voiding, contraction of external urethral sphincter dilated posterior urethra, male spinning top urethra... 

Onen A, Jayanthi VR, Koff SA (2002) Long-term follow-up of prenatally detected severe bilateral newborn hydronephrosis initially managed nonoperatively. J Urol 168 1118-1120... 

Smellie JM, Barratt TM, Chantler C et al (2001) Medical versus surgical treatment in children with severe bilateral vesicoureteric reflux and bilateral nephropathy a randomised trial. Lancet 357 1329-1333 Song SH, Lee SB, Park YS et al (2007) Is antibiotic prophylaxis necessary in infants with obstructive hydronephrosis J Urol 177 1098-1101... 

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