Hydrogen systems hazards

Barricades. These are constructed to protect uncontrolled areas from the effects of a hydrogen system failure and to protect a hydrogen system from the hazards of adjacent or nearby operations. Barricades have been shown to be most effective against... 

Nyborg, E.O., R.D. Hay, and P. Benard. 2003. Clearance Distances and Hazardous Zone Issues for Hydrogen Systems. Paper presented at the National Hydrogen Association s 14th Annual U.S. Hydrogen Meeting,... 

Matter of Minutes Hydrogen Sulfide (Pulp and Paper Industry) Hydrogen sulfide hazards in the pulp ana paper industry. Industrial Training Systems Corporation Rental 95 (3-day), 175 (10-day) Purchase 395... 

Other standards call for the indentification of containers or systems for potentially hazardous materials such as bulk oxygen, gaseous and liquid hydrogen, and anhydrous ammonia. Hazard warning information may also appear on the container or system. For example, a label for a gaseous or liquid hydrogen system would require the following text ... 

The assessment and analysis of the inherent safety performance in the hydrogen system requires sound and appropriate metrics. Several valuable proposals for inherent safety metrics (Cozzani et al. 2007, Tugnoli et al. 2007) as well as the main issues needed for such assessment are well summarized in the literature (Roller ef a/. 2001, Khan eta/. 2003). Recently, a novel consequence-based approach for inherent safety key performance indicators (KPI) assessment was proposed (Tugnoli et al. 2007). The approach bases the calculation of safety indicators on the evaluation of the expected outcomes of the hazard present in the system, by runs of specific physical consequence models. The KPI method was preferred in the current assessment framework, since, unlike other approaches, it allows easily fitting the peculiarities of the analysed systems and does not require subjective judgment. Furthermore, the KPI method was newly reviewed to describe some particular features of the hydrogen chain. In particular the assessment of transport units was added and new index aggregation rules were defined. 

The one recent improvement for handling of flammable gases is the restricted flow orifice. While this was originally designed for use with silane, it would lessen the fire hazard of any flammable gas. The restricted flow orifice is normally designed for 30 liters per minute but it is questionable how that number came about. If a hydrogen system uses 50 liters per minute, it certainly shouldn t be designed for 30 liters per minute. On the... 

The generator is driven from the cold end, which means turbine exhaust-end inspections are easier. All bearings are accessible without disassembly and no elbow conduits are required. As the generator is air cooled, no hydrogen system or hazards have to be allowed for. The cooling loop is closed and maintenance free. 

Often repair of the found defects is extremely undesirable. Therefore, for discontinuities which are potentially hazardous, it is very important to have a onfirmation of their stability. In this case monitoring of potentially hazardous discontinuities is well supported by automated UT systems and based on the comparative analysis results, the actual data from examination of a section of the welded joint of a (hydrogen) separator are given in Figures 5,6. 

Cardillo, P. et al Chim. e Ind. (Milan), 1982, 64, 781-784 Various mixtures of the base with ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol when heated in DSC capsules show exothermic decomposition around 230°C with rapid evolution of hydrogen. The exotherms increase with the base glycol ratio, and the principal hazard arises from the rapid increase of pressure in closed systems caused by hydrogen evolution. 

---