Methane hydrogen production from

Galvita, V. and Sundmacher, K. Hydrogen production from methane by steam reforming in a periodically operated two-layer catalytic reactor. Applied Catalysis. A, General, 2005, 289 (2), 121. 

Steam reforming is a process in which either natural gas or naphtha is reacted with steam to produce H2, CH4, CO, and CO2. After the initial formation of CO and H2 from naphtha and steam, the primary reactions are the same as for natural gas feed, i.e., CH4 + H2O CO + 3H2 and CO + H2O CO2 + H2. The latter reaction is the water-gas shift. The conditions used depend on both the feed and the intended primary product, e.g., H2 vs. synthesis gas (a mix of CO and H2) vs. CH4 (from naphtha). For hydrogen production from methane the typical conditions are 800-850°C, l MPa, 5 mol H20/lmol C in the feed. The catalyst used is normally Ni/NiO on a Ca0-Al203... 

Freni, S. Calogero, G. Cavallaro, S. Hydrogen production from methane through catalytic partial oxidation reactions. J. Power Sources 2000, 87 (1-2), 28-38. 

P. Ferreira-Aparicio, M. Benito, K. Koua-chi, S. Menad, Catalysis in membrane reformers A high-performance catalytic system for hydrogen production from methane,/. Catal. 2005, 231, 331-343. 

These include activated carbon, carbon black, microcrystalline graphite, and nanostructured carbons [16,17]. However, it should be pointed out that compared to steam reforming of methane, which is a commercialized process, hydrogen production from methane decomposition requires more research on more durable catalysts. A recent review of hydrogen production via hydrocarbon decomposition can be found in Ahmed et al. [18]. 

Huang, C. and A. T-Raissi. 2007. Analyses of one-step hydrogen production from methane and landfill gas. /. Power Sources 173 950-58. 

High temperature applications include coal gasification, hydrogen production from methane or water, and high temperature process steam. High temperature applications of gas cooled reactors have been addressed in two lAEA-TECDOCs [XV-13, XV-14], summarized below. 

Kang, Z.G. and Wang, Z.L (2003) Novel oxides for cycled hydrogen production from methane and water using a temperature swing. Advanced Materials, 15, 521. ... 

H. Yoshida, K. Hirao, J. Nishimoto, K. Shimura, S. Kato, H. Itoh and T. Hattori, 2008, Hydrogen production from methane and water on platinum loaded titanium oxide photocatalysts, J. Phys. Chem. C, 112, 5542-5551. 

Each chlorine atom formed m the initiation step has seven valence electrons and IS very reactive Once formed a chlorine atom abstracts a hydrogen atom from methane as shown m step 2 m Figure 4 21 Hydrogen chloride one of the isolated products from... 

Nozaki, T., Kimura, Y., and Okazaki, K., Carbon nanotubes and hydrogen co-production from methane using atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma, Proc. 16th ESCAMPIG and 5th... 

The (additional) costs of C02 capture in connection with hydrogen production from natural gas or coal are mainly the costs for C02 drying and compression, as the hydrogen production process necessitates a separation of C02 and hydrogen anyway (even if the C02 is not captured). Total investments increase by about 5%-10% for coal gasification plants and 20%-35% for large steam-methane reformers (see also Chapter 10). 

Hydrogen production from carbonaceous feedstocks requires multiple catalytic reaction steps For the production of high-purity hydrogen, the reforming of fuels is followed by two water-gas shift reaction steps, a final carbon monoxide purification and carbon dioxide removal. Steam reforming, partial oxidation and autothermal reforming of methane are well-developed processes for the production of hydro-... 

Extensive experimental and theoretical studies on hydrogen production from SRE have been reported. In the thermodynamic studies carried out by Vasudeva et al. [190], it was reported that in all ranges of conditions considered, there is nearly complete conversion of ethanol and only traces of acetaldehyde and ethylene are present in the reaction equilibrium mixture. Methane formation is inhibited at high water-to-ethanol ratios or at high temperatures [191]. 

Figure 17-3 Apparatus for the preparation of monohydroxymethylene aldol-addition products from methanal and carbonyl compounds with more than one a hydrogen...

Removal of sulfanilic acid from wastewater Lactic acid purification and concentration Enrichment of bisphenol A Phenol recovery from aqueous solutions Zinc(ll) recovery from HCI solution Hydrogen separation from methane steam conversion products... 

The hydrogen product (including methane impurity) from the Methanation unit has a calculated heating value of 330 Btu/scf... 

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