Hydrogen bromide fluoride

Halide derivatives may be fluorides, chlorides, or bromides. Fluorides are best prepared by the reaction of hydroxy groups with (diethylamino)sulfur trilluoride ( DAST M. Sharma, 1977) or of glycosyl thioethers with DAST/NBS (K.C. Nicolaou, 1990 B). The other halides are usually only introduced at the glycosidic position, where treatment with hydrogen chloride... 

Dehydrochlorination of bis(tnfluoromethylthio)acetyl chloride with calcium oxide gives bis(trifluoromethylthio)ketene [5] (equation 6) Elimination of hydrogen chloride or hydrogen bromide by means of tetrabutylammonium or potassium fluoride from vinylic chlorides or bromides leads to acetylenes or allenes [6 (equation 7) Addition of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 ether raises the yields of potassium fluoride-promoted elimination of hydrogen bromide from (Z)-P-bromo-p-ni-trostyrene in acetonitrile from 0 to 53-71 % In dimethyl formamide, yields increase from 28-35% to 58-68%... 

As expected, elimination of hydrogen fluoride in most cases is considerably more difficult In bimolecular reactions, the rates are about 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than those of hydrogen chlonde and about 4-5 orders of magnitude lower than those of hydrogen bromide [10]... 

The preferential syn elimination of hydrogen fluoride from trans-l-bromo-2-fluorocyclohexane to give 1 -bromocyclohexene is achieved only when a strong base such as sodamide is used [55, 56] Potassium rcrt-butoxide causes elimination of hydrogen bromide to form 3-fluorocyclohexene [56] (equation 27)... 

Hydrazoic acid reaction with cyclobu-tanecarboxyhc acid, 47, 28 Hydrogenation of t butylazidoacetate to glycme ( butyl ester, 46,47 Hydrogen bromide 46, 43 reaction with y butyrolactone, 46, 43 Hydrogen fluoride anhydrous, precautions in use of, 46, 3 in preparation of mtromum tetra-fluoroborate 47, 57 reaction with benzoyl chloride, 46,4 with boron tnfluonde in conversion of p cymene to m cymene, 47, 40 in bromofluorination of 1 heptene, 46, 11... 

Polyphosphoric acid is a commonly used catalyst for this reaction however, in some cases a mixture of hydrogen bromide/acetic acid gives better results. Acylation of the S-phenyl-, V-(4-tolyl)- or S-(l-naphthyl)-substituted thiobenzenepyruvic acids 3a-c affords the corresponding dibenzo[A,/]thiepins in satisfactory yields, while reaction of the S-(4-methoxyphenyl) or S-(2-naphthyl) derivatives fails to provide any thiepin.60 The intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation of 2-(arylsulfanyl)benzeneacetic acids also yields the corrresponding dibenzothiepins in this case the use of hydrogen fluoride sometimes results in purer products.38 The applicability of this method is restricted to the synthesis of stable bisannulated thiepins. 

The values of R similarly calculated for hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide, with the substitution of X31(r) and X (r) for X21 (r) in equation (37), are somewhat larger than the experimental ones. This indicates that the deforming effect of the hydrogen ion on the halide ions is of greater relative importance for these ions than for the fluoride ion. 

Using the periodic table if necessary, write formulas for the following compounds (a) hydrogen bromide, (b) magnesium chloride, (c) barium sulfide, (d) aluminum fluoride, (e) beryllium bromide, (/) barium selenide, and (g) sodium iodide. 

Hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride and hydrogen iodide ignite in contact with fluorine, and the cone, aqueous solutions, including that of hydrogen fluoride, also produce flame. 

Vesicants produce acidic products including hydrogen chloride (HC1), hydrogen bromide (HBr), or hydrogen fluoride (HF), and ethanolamines, thioglycols, or thioethers when hydrolyzed. Arsenous oxide decomposition products from HL (C03-A010) are toxic and may also have vesicant properties. HL will also produce acetylene at higher pH. 

Hydrogen cyanide is highly soluble and stable in water. Many others decompose into hydrogen cyanide and/or corrosives such as hydrogen chloride (HCl), hydrogen bromide (HBr), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or hydrogen iodide (HI). Some components may produce arsenous oxides or arsenic salts when hydrolyzed. 

Anhydrous Ammonia Anhydrous Hydriodic Acid Anhydrous Hydrogen Bromide Anhydrous Hydrogen Chloride Anhydrous Hydrogen Fluoride Animal Coniine Annulus pruni Anthracnose du Cafeier Anthracnose of Coffee Anthrax Anticon Antimit... 

The reaction232-235 (see also Ref. 236) of 1-diazoketones with hydrogen fluoride that affords 1-fluoro ketones has also been applied to carbohydrates, with, however, no success. Treatment of 3,4-di-O-benzoyl-1-deoxy-l-diazo-D-gfycero-tetrulose with hydrogen fluoride in ether mainly afforded 3,4-di-O-benzoyl-D-gfycero-tetrulose, whereas, with hydrogen bromide and chloride, 3,4-di-O-benzoyl-l-bromo-l-deoxy-and 3,4-di-O-benzoyl-l-chloro-l-deoxy-D-gfycero-tetrulose, respec-... 

Hydrogen bromide, 0247 Hydrogen chloride, 3993 Hydrogen fluoride, 4294 Krypton difluoride, 4313... 

Acetyl-3-methyl-4,5-dihydrothiophen-4-one Benzyl alcohol, Hydrogen bromide, Iron Benzyl bromide, Molecular sieve Benzyl chloride, Catalytic impurities Benzyl fluoride l,2-Bis(chloromethyl)benzene Ethylene oxide, Contaminants Furoyl chloride... 

Relative acute toxicities of hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, and hydrogen bromide in nose- and pseudo-mouth-breathing rats. Fundam Appl Toxicol 16 636-655, 1991... 

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