Hydrochloric acid with magnesium

Magnesium hydroxide is a gelatinous material that forms during the water purification process in some water treatment plants because of magnesium ions in the water, (a) Write the chemical equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid with magnesium hydroxide, (b) Explain what drives this reaction to completion. 

Tin hydride has been made by the reaction of hydrochloric acid with magnesium-tin alloy (1) or metallic tin (2) by reduction of stannous salts electrolytically (3), by metals (4, 5), or sodium borohydride (6) and by reduction of stannic chloride by atomic hydrogen (7) or metals (S). Perhaps the most practical method involves the reduction of stannic chloride with lithium aluminum hydride under nitrogen (9, 10, 11) containii 0 1% oxygen 12) at — 70° C. The presence of oxygen inhibits the decomposition, which ordinarily occurs at room temperature. This inhibition is at least partially due to the fact that metallic tin is a catalyst for the decomposition, but in the presence of oxygen becomes coated with a film of oxide, which is ineffective as a catalyst 12). 

This has been made in trace quantities by the action of dilute hydrochloric acid on magnesium plated with polonium. As expected, it is extremely unstable and decomposes even at 100 K,... 

This wastewater stream contains lead (Pb) salts and chlorinated hydrocarbons generated from corrosion of the anodes as well as asbestos particles generated as a result of degradation of the diaphragm with use. Wastewater is also generated from the scrubber where the chlorine is wet scrubbed and from the ion exchange resin used to purify the brine solution. These wash water often contains dilute hydrochloric acid with small amounts of dissolved calcium magnesium and aluminum chloride. Like in other cells, the scrubber water also contributes to the wastewater stream. 

There are many compounds that contain boron and hydrogen, and they are known collectively as the boron hydrides. Six boron hydrides were prepared by Alfred Stock in 1910-1930 by the addition of hydrochloric acid to magnesium boride that was produced in small amounts when B203 was reduced with magnesium. 

Magnesium carbonate is most water soluble and reacts with hydrochloric acid at a slow rate. Magnesium hydroxide has low water solubility. It reacts with hydrochloric acid promptly. Magnesium trisilicate has low solubility and has the power to adsorb and inactivate pepsin and to protect the ulcer base. 

Reactions of a typical acid with metals. Use hydrochloric and/or sulfuric acid with magnesium, aluminium, zinc, iron and copper. R... 

The addition product obtained by the reaction of certain quinazoline 1-oxides 1 with phenyl-magnesium bromide in absolute diethyl ether is hydrolyzed to 4-substituted 2-phenylquinazo-line 1-oxides 2 with aqueous hydrochloric acid. With phenyllithium in absolute diethyl ether the reaction proceeds similarly. 

To decompose the addition compound, immerse the tube in ice-salt mixture and add slowly, by means of a dropper, diluted acid obtained by mixing 5 ml concentrated hydrochloric acid with 5 g of ice. Add only sufficient hydrochloric acid to dissolve the precipitate which forms. Allow to stand until all the residual magnesium has reacted with the acid. The ether layer should have a volume of at least 10-12 ml. If it is le.ss, add ordinary ether to make up this volume. Insert the separatory stopper and remove the aqueous layer. Dry the ether layer by adding 0.5-1 g of anhydrous calcium sulfate. Care must be taken to drj the ether thoroughly, since the carbinol forms an azeotropic mixture with water. Transfer the dry ether mixture to an eight-inch distilling tube, and distill from a water bath until the temperature rises to 70°. Remove the water bath and heat over a small smoky flame. The fraction which boils at 77-84° is collected. 

FIGURE 17.17 The production of magnesium hydroxide starts with the addition of lime (CaO) to seawater. Reaction of the magnesium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid produces magnesium chloride, which, after drying, is electrolyzed to give magnesium. 

Prepare 250 mL of each of three solutions of hydrochloric acid with concentrations varying between 0.2 and 1.0 M. Use a stock solution that is 2.0 M for the preparation. Perform the summary procedure three times, once for each concentration, at room temperature using the form of magnesium of your choice (same form each time). 

Schmidt [3] described appropriate studies. In these studies, almost 5000 students had to decide on which of his listed reactions belonged to redox reactions the reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid with (1) magnesium, (2) magnesium oxide, and (3) magnesium hydroxide. W e know of course that (1) is to be identified as a redox reaction, (2) and (3) as acid-base reactions in (2) H30 + (aq) ions react with O2 ions of the oxide, and in (3) H30 + (aq) ions react with OH ions of the hydroxide. 

Magnesium chloride is used to make disinfectants, fire extinguishers, paper, and floor sweeping compounds. It is made from the redox reaction of hydrochloric acid with solid magnesium hydroxide. Write a balanced equation for this reaction, which yields aqueous magnesium chloride and liquid water. 

Acids react with certain metals, such as zinc, magnesium, and iron, to produce hydrogen gas. A typical reaction is that between hydrochloric acid and magnesium ... 

Treatment of acidic wastewater containing hydrochloric or sulfuric acids, with magnesium hydroxide, produces the soluble salts magnesium chloride and sulfate, respectively see Tables 10.3 and 10.4. However, treatment of... 

The gas may be prepared in the laboratory by the reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid with a metal that lies above hydrogen in the electromotive series, magnesium and zinc being commonly used ... 

J54 Write balanced molecular and net ionic equations for the reactions of (a) hydrochloric acid with nickel, (b) dilute sulfuric acid with iron, (c) hydrobromic add with magnesium, (d) acetic acid, CH3COOH, with zinc. 

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