Hydrocarbon stability

Chloroform HPLC solvent hydrocarbon stabilized GR LiChrosolv for analysis Chromasolv ethanol, 0.5 to 1% amylene, 0.01 to 0.02% ethanol, 0.6 to 1.0% amylene ethanol, ca. 1% amylene Baker Baker Merck Merck RiEDEL-de Haen RiEDEL-de Haen... 

A microemulsion (p.E) is a thermodynamically stable, transparent (in the visible) droplet type dispersion of water (W) and oil (O a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon) stabilized by a surfactant (S) and a cosurfactant (CoS a short amphiphile compound such as an alcohol or an amine) [67]. Sometimes the oil is a water-insoluble organic compound which is also a reactant and the water may contain mineral acids or salts. Because of the small dispersion size, a large amount of surfactant is required to stabilize microemulsions. The droplets are very small (about 100-1000 A [68]), about 100 times smaller than those of a typical emulsion. The existence of giant microemulsions (dispersion size about 6000 A) has been demonstrated [58]. 

Low Low-pressure (<100 psia) light hydrocarbons, stabilizers, air-water simulators 0.4-0.5 05-0.6 05-0.6°... 

Chloro-2-[3-(bromomethyl)-5-methyl-4H-l,2,4-triazol-4-yl]-benzophenone A solution of 5-chloro-2-[3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methyl-4H-l,2,4-triazol-4-yl]-benzophenone (328 mg, 0.001 mol) in dry, hydrocarbon-stabilized chloroform (5 ml) was cooled in an ice-bath and treated with phosphorus tribromide (0.1 ml). The colorless solution was kept in the ice-bath for 55 minutes, at ambient temperature (22-24°C), for 5 hours. The resulting yellow solution was poured into a mixture of ice and dilute sodium bicarbonate. This mixture was extracted with chloroform. The extract was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was crystallized from methylene chloride-ethyl acetate to give 0.285 g of melting point 200-240°C (decomposition) and 0.030 g of melting point 200-220°C (decomposition) of 5-chloro-2-[3-(bromomethyl)-5-methyl-4H-l,2,4-triazol-4-yl]benzophenone. The analytical sample had a melting point of 200-240°C. 

The mass spectrum 22) and thermolysis 23) of cyclohexanone illustrates the effect of heteroatoms on odd alternant hydrocarbon stability when the heteroatom is more electronegative than carbon. In the mass spectrum of cyclohexanone virtually all of the fragment ions appear to be daughters of the initial a-cleavage ion 7.22)... 

The submitters used J. T. Baker Chemical Company hydrocarbon-stabilized chloroform containing 0.015% amylene stabilizer. The checkers used chloroform of comparable quality purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc. 

Uses Solvent, cosolvent, compatibilizer, coupling agent, processing aid for pharmaceuticals, personal care prods., aq. coatings and adhesives, agric. formulations, polymer processing, cleaners/disinfectants chlorinated hydrocarbon stabilizer... 

An extract of plasma acids was made by acid extraction with heptane-isopropyl alcohol (3 7). The residue from this extraction, in a reaction vial, was dissolved in 0.1 ml of 0.325 M CDI in freshly distilled ethanol or hydrocarbon-stabilized chloroform. 10% Triethylamine in dry methanol (1 ml) was added. After one minute or more, 3 ml of 1M NaOH saturated with carbon tetrachloride was added, with vortex mixing for 2 minutes. After releasing the pressure in the vial by puncturing the septum, the vial was centrifuged to separate the layers and the lower (chloroform) layer was sampled with a... 

Rubber is obtained from latex, which exudes from the bark of the Hevea tree when it is cut. The latex is an aqueous dispersion, containing 25-40 percent rubber hydrocarbon, stabilized by a small amount of protein material and fatty acids. As the latex is gathered, a small amount of anunonia is added as a preservative. The latex is later coagulated by the addition of a 5 percent solution of acetic acid. The coagu-lum is washed and dried. 

A solid phosphite anti-oxidant has been developed, introduced by GE Specialty Chemicals, in its Ultranox range. Designed to meet the demand for a high-activity stabilizer with superior hydrocarbon stability and Improved handling characteristics, it is based on butyl ethyl propane diol chemistry, rather than the usual pentaerythritol. It has been granted FDA approval for food contact in certain applications and is expected to find applications in polyolefins, styrenics. PVC, engineering thermoplastics, elastomers, and adhesives. 

Bratton D, Brown M, Howdle S M (2004), Synthesis of poly(glycolide) in supercritical carbon dioxide in the presence of a hydrocarbon stabilizer , J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 808-809. 

---