Hydrazinium nitrate

Copper Acetylene and alkynes, ammonium nitrate, azides, bromates, chlorates, iodates, chlorine, ethylene oxide, fluorine, peroxides, hydrogen sulflde, hydrazinium nitrate... 

Composite proplnts, which are used almost entirely in rocket propulsion, normally contain a solid phase oxidizer combined with a polymeric fuel binder with a -CH2—CH2— structure. Practically speaking AP is the only oxidizer which has achieved high volume production, although ammonium nitrate (AN) has limited special uses such as in gas generators. Other oxidizers which have been studied more or less as curiosities include hydrazinium nitrate, nitronium perchlorate, lithium perchlorate, lithium nitrate, potassium perchlorate and others. Among binders, the most used are polyurethanes, polybutadiene/acrylonitrile/acrylic acid terpolymers and hydroxy-terminated polybutadienes... 

The influence of metal type on the specific impulse of propints has been described previously in this article (Table 16). The max theoretical specific impulse and density impulses (ISp x p ) for the oxidizers AN, AP and hydrazinium nitrate with 15 weight percent -fCH2)- binder have been calculated for various fuels (Ref 24). These data are in Tables 49-51. The ISp performance of nitronium perchlorate, lithium perchlorate and potassium perchlorate and metallized fuels with 4CH2>- binder are given in Table 52 (Ref 43)... 

Polyethylene (—CH2 —) as Binder, Hydrazinium Nitrate N2HsN03) as Oxidizer... 

Hydrazinium nitrate Alone, or Metals Hydrogen sulfide Metals Potassium dioxide Metals Sulfuric acid Copper... 

Hydrazinium hydrogen selenate, 4558 Hydrazinium nitrate, 4549 Hydrazinium nitrite, 4548 Hydrazinium perchlorate, 4011 Hydrazinium salts, 4546 See PROPELLANTS, REDOX COMPOUNDS... 

Copper(II) phosphinate, 4272 Diamminenitratocobalt(II) nitrate, 4202 Hydrazinium chlorate, 4010 Hydrazinium chlorite, 4008 Hydrazinium nitrate, 4549 Hydrazinium perchlorate, 4011 Hydroxylaminium nitrate, 4524 Hydroxylaminium perchlorate, 4005 Indium(I) perchlorate, 4014 Iron(II) perchlorate, 4062 Iron(III) phosphinate, 4394 Lead(II) nitrate phosphinate, 4468 Manganese(II) chlorate, 4087 Manganese(II) perchlorate, 4088 Mercury chlorite, 4080... 

Hydrazine, monomethylhydrazine, and asymmetrical dimethylhydrazine have also been shown to react rapidly (k > 10 15 cm3 molecule- 1 s- ) with HN03 in the gas phase to form the corresponding hydrazinium nitrate aerosols (Tuazon et al., 1982). 

HYDRAZINE (OR HYDRAZINIUM) NITRATES Hydrazine Mononitrate, HN, HzN, hydrazinium nitrate. N2H4.HN03 or N2H5N03 mw 95.07 ... 

Hydrazinium hydrogen selenate, 4553 Hydrazinium nitrate, 4544 Hydrazinium nitrite, 4543... 

Diphenylhydrazinium chloride, 3513 Hydrazinium azide, 4545 Hydrazinium chlorate, 4004 Hydrazinium chloride, 4001 Hydrazinium chlorite, 4002 Hydrazinium dinitrate, 4556 Hydrazinium diperchlorate, 4062 Hydrazinium hydrogen selenate, 4553 Hydrazinium nitrate, 4544... 

Hydrazinium hydrogen selenate, 4553 Hydrazinium nitrate, 4544 Hydroxylaminium nitrate, 4519 2-Methoxyanilinium nitrate, 2825 l-Methyl-3-nitroguanidinium nitrate, 0943 Methylammonium chlorite, 0497 Methylammonium nitrate, 0503 Methylammonium nitrite, 0502 Methylhydrazinium nitrate, 0508 1-Phenylbiguanidinium hydrogen dichromate, 3014 Pyridinium nitrate, 1867... 

A number of other materials have received attention as potential oxidizers for propellant use, but to date have found little actual use. They include hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN), hydroxylammonium perchlorate (HAP), hydrazinium nitrate (HN), hydra-zinium perchlorate (HP), and hexanitroiso-wurtzitane (CL-20). 

Ionic liquids should also be very suitable for use as monopropellants, but the salts used must contain either the oxidizer and fuel combined, or salt mixtures which contain both oxidizing and reducing salts. Since these mixtures are homogeneous systems which contain both the oxidizer and fuel, they can be labeled as monopropellants, just as hydrazine is. Particularly interesting are salt mixtures which are less toxic and have a lower vapor pressure than hydrazine. Such mixtures are also known as green propellants . Suitable anions are the nitrate or dinitramide ions [58], A combination which has already been studied intensively as an oxidizer is the HAN, hydroxylammonium nitrate system. ADN, ammonium nitrate (AN) and hydrazinium nitrate (HN) have also been investigated. As fuels, hydroxylammonium azide (HAA), ammonium azide (AA) or hydrazinium azide (HA) may be appropriate. As a rule, these salt mixtures are not used as pure substances on safety grounds, but with 20 or 40% water added they then decompose catalytically in an exothermic reaction. Table 9.7 shows the dependence of the calculated specific impulses on the water content for such salt mixtures. 

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