Hydantoin polymers

Several 3-vinyl- and 1,3-divinyl-hydantoin derivatives have been prepared and converted to polymers having pendant hydantoin groups, e.g. (66) (B-74MI11100). Interesting spiro hydantoin polymers (67) are readily prepared from the very reactive 5-methylenehydantoin, hydrolysis of which cleanly produces polymers containing a-aminoacrylic acid units and having corresponding polyampholytic properties. 

Cyclohexanone Dibutylamine Ethyl methacrylate Methyl 2-cyanoacrylate Vinylidene fluoride polymer mfg., high 2-lmidazolidinone polymer mfg., high temp.-resistant Diphenyl isophthalate polymer mfg., water-soluble DM hydantoin polymer modifier... 

Adding amines to coating compounds containing other polymers of hydantoin derivatives permits thermal curing of the coating compounds, which are useful as electrical insulators of wires under a broad range of conditions without loss of coating flexibiUty (101). 

Hydantoin, 5,5-diaryl-2,4-dithio-methylation, 5, 444 Hydantoin, 1,3-divinyl-polymers, 1, 280 Hydantoin, 5-methylene-polymers, 1, 280 Hydantoin, 5-phenyl-2-thio-tautomerism, 5, 370 Hydantoin, thio-... 

Polymers with an antiplatelet agent of 5-(6-carboxyl-hexyl) l-(3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxyropyl) hydantoin as an end group were synthesized by esterifying the hydantoin molecule with a haloalcohol, such as CCI3CH2OH or BrCH2CH20H, and using the product as coinitiator with... 

Mn2(CO)io in a simple photoinitiated free radical polymerization. The antiplatelet activity of these polymers were compared with that of poly(ether-Wrethane) carrying the hydantoin residues in side chains. 

Finally, another related study from the Sun laboratory concerned the synthesis of hydantoins utilizing acryloyl chloride to prepare a suitable polymer support [87]. All steps were carried out under reflux conditions in a dedicated microwave instrument utilizing 50-mL round-bottomed flasks. Identical reactions under classical thermal heating did not proceed in the same time period. 

The soluble polymer support was dissolved in dichloromethane and treated with 3 equivalents of chloroacetyl chloride for 10 min under microwave irradiation. The subsequent nucleophilic substitution utilizing 4 equivalents of various primary amines was carried out in N,N-dimethylformamide as solvent. The resulting PEG-bound amines were reacted with 3 equivalents of aryl or alkyl isothiocyanates in dichloromethane to furnish the polymer-bound urea derivatives after 5 min of micro-wave irradiation (Scheme 7.75). After each step, the intermediates were purified by simple precipitation with diethyl ether and filtration, so as to remove by-products and unreacted substrates. Finally, traceless release of the desired compounds by cyclative cleavage was achieved under mild basic conditions within 5 min of micro-wave irradiation. The 1,3-disubstituted hydantoins were obtained in varying yields but high purity. 

The multipolymer enzymatic resolution of soluble polymer-supported alcohols 42 and 43 was achieved using an immobilised lipase from Candida Antarctica (Novozym 435). The R-alcohol was obtained in enantiomerically pure form (>99% ee) after its cleavage from the poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) scaffold . The achiral hydantoin- and isoxazoline-substituted dispirocyclobutanoids 47 were produced using both solution and solid-phase synthesis <00JOC3520, OOCC1835>. 

Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs), 21 591 Chlorinated glycolurils, 73 109-110 Chlorinated hydantoins, 13 110 Chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHC) contamination by, 23 111—112 for PVC polymers, 25 674 Chlorinated isocyanurates end use of chlorine, 6 135t as pool sanitizers, 26 175-176 Chlorinated methanes... 

Methacrylate polymers are as physically strong as polystyrene gels. Their hydrophobicity is weaker than that of polystyrene gel, and the aromatic selectivity is similar to that of octadecyl-bonded silica gel. A chromatogram of hydantoins on a methacrylate polymer is shown in Figure 3.16. The elution order is related to the hydrophobicity of the chemicals. 

Tertiary amines were amongst the first initiators of NCA polymerisation which had been described in the literature and it seems that the polymerisation of all the known NCA s may be accomplished by their action. Wessely (77) reported in 1925 that glycine and phenyl alanine NCA s are readily polymerised in pyridine at ambient temperatures, and in the following paper (72) he reported a similar polymerisation of sarcosine NCA. The polypeptides produced by this initiator apparently formed cyclic polymers since no terminal end groups could be detected 41). It is significant that appreciable quantities (a few %) ot 3-acetic-hydantoin derivatives were found in the polymers formed from glycine and phenyl alanine NCA s but none was detected in the polymerised sarcosine NCA (72). This evidence suggests that the mechanisms of polymerisation initiated by aprotic bases may be different for the non-N-substituted NCA and the N-substituded anhydrides. 

These amines have been quartemised by reaction with (CH30)2S02 and NaOH 67). A polymer with pendant hydantoin groups has been synthesized by the following reaction, Eq (21) S8 m, ... 

Hiickel band calculations, rigid-rod transition metal-acetylide polymers, 12, 371-372 Human health, tin toxic effects, 12, 637 Hybrid magnets, metallocene-containing bimetallic M(II)—Cr(II) oxalates, 12, 427 bimetallic M(II)-Fe(III) oxalates, 12, 432 bimetallic M(III)-Ru(III) oxalates, 12, 435 materials, 12, 437 properties, 12, 425 trimetallic oxalates, 12, 436 Hydantoins, with lead reagents, 3, 888 Hydration... 

In contrast, there are substances like some nitrofurane derivatives for which the presence of particular molecular structures is the decisive condition. Thus, a nitrofurane derivative prepared by Casini and his co-workers (87) has shown bacteriostatic properties similar to classical low molecular preparations of nitrofurane, e.g. l-[5-(nitrofurfuryliden)amino]hydantoine. The polymeric substance shows an activity considerably longer than that of the reference substance if parenterally applied, whereas oral application gives no effect. This is easy to understand because, as already mentioned, polymers cannot be resorbed in the digestive tract. Here, the active polymeric substance [22] has been prepared by condensation of 5-nitrofuraldehyde with poly(acryloylhydrazide). 

Many derivatives have been prepared from ferrocene monocarboxylic acid (S). Acetylferrocene was reduced by lithium aluminum hydride to the carbinol, and this was then converted into vinylferrocene. From this, polymers and copolymers with other polymerizable substances have been obtained. The polymers are easily obtainable in the cationic form and in the reduced, uncharged form, which are interconvertible (5). Urethanes (3), amino acids and urea, hydantoin and pyrazoline derivatives with ferrocenyl substituents have also been prepared (100, 178). 

Crosslinked chloromethylated PS beads were reacted with hydantoin and imidazolidinone derivatives to produce functionalised beads which could be rendered biocidal by reaction with free chlorine or bromine. The biocidal efficacies of the N-chlorinated and, in one case, the N-brominated polymeric beads against Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli 0157 H7 in aqueous suspension were determined. The N-halogenated polymeric beads were effective in aqueous disinfection application, requiring short contact times for inactivation of the two bacteria. The functionalised polymers could be tailored to the application, depending on whether rapid biocidal activity or long-term stability to loss of oxidative halogen was desired. 11 refs. (Pt.III, ibid, p.363-7)... 

The biocidal polymers poly(l,3-dichloro-5-methyl-5-(4 -vinylphenyl)hydantoin) and poly(l,3-dibromo-5-methyl-... 

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