Vinylidene fluoride polymers

Mascia, L., Pak, S.H., and Caporiccio, G. Properties Enhancement of Fluorosilicone Elastomers with Compatibilized Crystalline Vinylidene Fluoride Polymers, Eur. Polym. J. 31(5), 459 65, 1995. 

Hasegawa, R., Kobayashi, M. and Tadokoro, H. Molecular conformation and packing of poly(vinylidene fluoride). Stability of three crystalline forms and the effect of high pressure, Polymer J. 3, 591 (1972) Hasegawa, R., Takahashi, Y., Chatani, Y. and Tadokoro, H. Crystal structures of three crystalline forms of poly(vinylidene fluoride). Polymer J. 3, 600 (1972)... 

Dohany JE, Humphrey JS (1985) Vinylidene fluoride polymers. In Mark HF, Kroschwitz JI (eds) Encyclopedia of polymer science and engineering, vol 17. Wiley, New York, p 532... 

DiNoia TP, Conway SE, Lim JS, McHugh MA. Solubility of vinylidene fluoride polymers in supercritical CO2 and halogenated solvents. J Polym Sci B Polym Phys 2000 38 2832-2840. 

Dohany, J., Vinylidene Fluoride Polymers, in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, 2 ed., 17 532-547, John Wiley Sons, NY (1989)... 

Lovinger A (1980) Crystalline transformations in spherulites of poly(vinylidene fluoride). Polymer 2/ 1317... 

J.L. Bailey, R.F. McCune (Polaroid). Mi-croporous vinylidene fluoride polymer and process of making same. US Patent 3642668, Febmary 1972. 

W. D. Benzinger, D. N. Robinson (Pennwait). Porous vinylidene fluoride polymer membrane and process for its preparation. US Patent 4384047, May 1983. 

Miller, R. L., Raisoni,. J. J., (1976) Single crystals of poly(vinylidene fluoride). Polymer science polymer physics, Vol. 14, No. 12 (March 2003), pp. 2325-2326, ISSN 1099-0518. 

Cyclohexanone Dibutylamine Ethyl methacrylate Methyl 2-cyanoacrylate Vinylidene fluoride polymer mfg., high 2-lmidazolidinone polymer mfg., high temp.-resistant Diphenyl isophthalate polymer mfg., water-soluble DM hydantoin polymer modifier... 

L. Mascia, S.H. Pak, G. Caporiccio, Properties enhancement of fluorosilicone elastomers with compatibilised crystalline vinylidene fluoride polymers, Eur. Pol. J. 31 (5) (1995) 459 65. 

Military interest in the development of fuel- and thermal-resistant elastomers for low temperature service created a need for fluorinated elastomers. In the early 1950s, the M.W. Kellogg Co., in a joint project with the U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps, and 3M Co., in a joint project with the U.S. Air Force, developed two commercial fluorocarbon elastomers. The copolymers of vinylidene fluoride (CF2=CH2) and chlorotrifluoroethylene (CF2=CFC1) became available from Kellogg in 1955 under the trademark of Kel-F (1-3), and a polymer based on poly(l,l-dihydroperfluorobutyl acrylate) was marketed in 1956 as 3M brand fluororubber 1F4 (4). The poor acid-, steam-, and heat-resistance of the latter limited its commercial use (see also Vinylidene Fluoride Polymers). 

POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE). See VINYLIDENE Fluoride Polymers. 

VINYL FLUORIDE POLYMERS (PVF). See Volume 4. VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE POLYMERS. See Volume 4. VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE POLYMERS. See Volume 4. VISCOELASTICITY. See Volume 4. 

Copolymers of VF with vinylidene fluoride [75-38-7] and tetrafluoroethylene [116-14-3] also have been prepared with this initiation system. VF tends toward alternation with tetrafluoroethylene and incorporates preferentially in copolymerization with vinylidene fluoride [see Perfluorinated Polymers, Polytetrafluoroethylene Vinylidene Fluoride Polymers]. 

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