Hybrid membrane systems

Al-Rabiah AA, Timmerhaus KD, Noble RD. Utilization of a hybrid membrane system in olefin production. In Proceedings of the 5th World Congress of Chemical Engineering, San Diego, Vol. IV, New York AIChE, 1996 335-340. 

Besides previously described examples of integrated membrane systems and much more reported in the literature, including applications in gas separation and the petrochemical industry [29], a special case of integrated or hybrid membrane systems, with a lot of interest in the logic of the sustainable growth, is represented by the catalytic membranes reactors (CMRs). 

Singh, Rajindar, Hybrid Membrane Systems for Water Purification, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2006. 

Wodski R and Szczepaiiski P. Integrated hybrid membrane systems—membrane extraction and pertraction coupled to a pervaporation process. J. Membr. Sci. 2002 197 297-308. 

Field evaluation of a hybrid membrane system consisting of an UF membrane pretreatment unit and an RO seawater unit was conducted by Glueckstem et al. [56]. For comparison a second pilot system consisting of conventional pretreatment and an RO unit was operated in parallel. The conventional pretreatment unit included in-line flocculation followed by media filtration. The smdy showed that UF provided a very reliable pretreatment for the RO system independent of the raw water quality flucmations. However, the cost of membrane pretreatment was higher than conventional pretreatment. This suggested that membrane pretreatment for RO desalting systems is only economic for sites that require extensive conventional pretreatment or where wide flucmations in the raw water quality are expected. 

Wodzki R and Nowaczyk J. Extraction and separation of propionic and acetic acid by permeation in a hybrid membrane system composed of liquid and ion-exchange polymer membranes. Solv Extr Ion Exch, 1997 15(6) 1085-1106. 

Hydrophilic (or ion-exchange) membranes were used for designing rotating disk, creeping film, hybrid liquid membrane, and multimembrane hybrid membrane systems, hoUow-fiber LM modules. Hydrophobic membranes were used for designing hybrid liquid membrane, multimembrane hybrid system, flowing LM, hoUow-fiber contained LM, capiUary liquid membrane modules (or contactors). Below, some of these systems are referenced and described shortly. 

Wodzki R, Szczepanski P. Simultaneous recovery and separation of Zn and Cu in hybrid membrane systems. Sep Purif Technol 2005 41 289-297. 

Suratt W.B., Pinto T.G., O Keefe B. (1993), Low cost membrane softening-two years of operation with a hybrid membrane system, Proc. of AWWA Membrane Technology Conf., Baltimore, Aug 93, 491-512. 

Field evaluation of a hybrid membrane system consisting of a UF membrane pretreatment unit and an RO seawater unit... 

Of aU the major membrane processes, RO/NF separation is the most complex both in terms of operation and controls [43]. RO (and NF) membrane systems operate in a continuous mode with minimum or no recycle. RO desalination plants can be generally quite large (see Table 3.5) for example the largest seawater RO desalination plant in Sorek, Israel has a capacity 150 million m /year. Further, for hybrid membrane systems the process control becomes even more complex. RO/NF plants require different levels of process control depending upon the quality of feed water supplied and product water quality requirements. 

Hybrid Membrane Systems -Applications and Case Studies... 

Hybrid membrane systems - applications and case studies... 

Figure 3.3 A hybrid membrane system for treating wastewater at a pulp-and-paper piant. Source [7].

A hybrid membrane system used for processing milk may entail MF, UF, NF/RO and ED. Cheese whey, a by-product during cheese production, was traditionally concentrated by evaporation and spray drying. Membrane filtration was successfijl because it not only reduced energy and processing costs, it also improved product properties minimal protein denaturation as a consequence of lower process temperatures. Further, since UF both concentrated proteins and removed lactose and salt simultaneously. 

Figure 3.15 Processing of vegetable oil miscella in a hybrid membrane system.

Figure 3.20 Wine production by a hybrid membrane system. Adapted from Cheryan.

Figure 3.24 Bioprocessing by hybrid membrane systems showing upstream and downstream...

Figure 3.25 Pharmaceutical drugs recovery with a hybrid membrane system. Source [10].

Hybrid membrane systems combining RO and MSF for seawater desaHnation in dual-purpose plants for the cogeneration of water and electricity where the RO plant... 

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