Hybrid binders

One of the principal features of the compounds discussed above is their ability to be transformed into final products and/or articles from mixtures of almost any composition, even those whose components have little compatibility. The use of oligomers and monomers of various chemical structures expands the assortment of materials and articles that can be produced by combining different components. The interest in so-called hybrid binders, interpenetrating networks, polymer-oligomer systems, and other possible reactive components has increased during recent years. 

Inorganic binder phase Inorganic-organic hybrid binder phase CCo-matrix phase) Organic binder phase... 

The most promising method of obtaining polymeric materials is by the use of so-called hybrid binders. These constitute polymeric composite materials in which crosslinking indicates the heterogeneity of the distribution of the system components determined by thermodynamic... 

This paper describes the synthesis of the novel hybrid binders and demonstrates their usefulness with respect to incorporation of IR-reflective metallic pigments. 

Fig. 3. ATR spectra of the hybrid binder systems (for the compositions of a-c see Table 1).

Tabie 1. Relative composition of different hybrid binder systems. 

The first work dedicated to filled interpenetrating pol5mier networks was published in 1974. The possibility to change many physical and mechanical properties by introducing filler initiated the development of studying such systems as a potential hybrid binders for polymer composites. 

IPNs can be considered as a new class of polymer composite materials made of two different components. IPNs may also serve as hybrid binders for traditional composite materials. As distinct from traditional binders, hybrid binders [49] are the systems where segregation of microvolumes of constituent components has occurred due to incomplete microphase separation. The hybrid binders can be considered as self-reinforced (filled) or disperse-... 

Hybrid catalysts consisting of a zeolite (ZSM-5 or Beta) and bentonite as a binder were prepared and characterized by XRD, pyridine FTIR and nitrogen adsorption. The hybrid catalysts exhibited similar properties as the combined starting materials. Catalytic pyrolysis over pure ZSM-5 and Beta as well as hybrid catalysts has been successfully carried out in a dual-fluidized bed reactor. De-oxygenation of the produced bio-oil over the different zeolitic materials was increased compared to non-catalytic pyrolysis over quartz sand. 

Without highly specific binding to proteins on the chip, thorough washing of the array may remove specific binders as well as non-specific binders. Protein bindings cannot offer a universal detection scheme like hybridization used in DNA arrays, which makes it difficult to discover enough probes for proteomics. 

This treatment was used to determine the high-temperature equilibrium in the system and combined with a standard four sub-lattice treatment of the ordered phase, equivalent to the BWG treatment for a binary f.c.c. lattice. The Cu-Au diagram generated by this means (Fig. 7.11) is quite close to that obtained by an early MC calculation (Binder 1980), but the latter result is not now universally accepted (Ducastelle 1991). Sundman and Mohri (1990) suggested that their hybrid... 

The hybrid materials having silica content below 50 wt% were composed of polyimide matrix with finely dispersed silica particles, and their hardness values were very close to that of the matrix polyimide. On the other hand, the hybrid materials having a silica content over 50 wt% were very hard and tough, and their hardness values increased with increasing silica content. In the latter hybrid materials, the silica formed a continuous phase with polyimide as the minor phase that probably acts as binder. This is a new type of polyimide-based composite, and may be referred to as polyimide-reinforced silica glass , al-... 

Figure IV. B. 1. concentrates on the storable propellant systems. The morphology obviously can be extended to include the cryogenics. Again, the method by which the metal particles are introduced determines the approach. Both the hybrid and the gelling procedure would be considered. The only perturbation would be in the case of the hybrid in which both fuel and oxidizer are injected as liquids and the binder is used simply as a vehicle to carry the metal particles.

Binders for thermosetting powder coatings are often called a hardener. The hardeners are a mixture of a primary resin and a cross-linker. The major types of binders can be limited to polyester, epoxy, hybrid epoxypolyester, acrylic, and UV cure types. Polyester binders are used for good exterior durability, retention of gloss, and resistance to chalking. 

Binder for various multi-component and hybrid coatings (abrasives, powder, fillers) with silicone surface properties mentioned above... 

---