Human transcription termination factor

Figure 28-13 (A) Stereoscopic ribbon drawing of the phyloge-netically conserved 180-residue C-terminal portion of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) from Arabidopsis thaliana. The sequence consists of two direct repeats, giving the protein an approximate twofold symmetry. From Nikolov et al.337 (B) Structure of the corresponding C-terminal core (residues 155-335) of the human TATA-binding protein (TBP) bound to the TATA sequence of a promoter in adenovirus DNA. From Nikolov et al.327 (C) Structure of human transcription factor IIB bound to a TBP from Arabidopsis thaliana, which, in turn, is bound to an adenovirus TATA sequence. Hypothetical B DNA extensions have been modeled at both ends of the DNA segment. The +1 at the left end is the transcription start site and the —43 upstream end is to the right. From Nikolov et al.338 Courtesy of Stephen K. Burley.

FIGURE 28-15 Helix-loop-helix. The human transcription factor Max, bound to its DNA target site (PDB iD 1 HLO). The protein is dimeric one subunit is colored. The DNA-binding segment (pink) merges with the first helix of the helix-loop-helix (red). The second helix merges with the carboxyl-terminal end of the subunit (purple). Interaction of the carboxyl-terminal helices of the two subunits describes a coiled coil very similar to that of a leucine zipper (see Fig. 28-1 4b), but with only one pair of interacting Leu residues (red side chains near the top) in this particular example. The overall structure is sometimes called a helix-loop-helix/leucine zipper motif. 

Fig. 6. Model for transcripdon

Sune C, Garcia-Bianco MA (1995) Spl transcription factor is required for in vitro basal and Tat-activated transcription from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat. J Virol 69 6572-6576... 

K9. Kruse, B., Narasimhan, N., and Attardi, G., Termination of transcription in human mitochondria Identification and purification of a DNA binding protein factor that promotes termination. Cell 58, 391-397 (1989). 

Fig. 6. Occurrence of the CXCX(4 5) CXC consensus motif. CopY, cop operon repressor protein from Enterococcus hirae Mad, transcription factor for the Ctrl copper transporter of Saccharomyces cerevisiae AMTl, transcription factor for metal-lothionein from Candida albicans ACEl, transcription factor for metallothionein from Sa. cerevisiae Grisea, MACl orthologue of Podospora anserina MT-2 p-domain, N-terminal domain of human metallothionein-2.

Huang IT, Miyamoto S (2001) Postrepression activation of NF-kappaB requires the amino-terminal nuclear export signal specific to IkappaBalpha. Mol Cell Biol 21 4737-4747 Huang CJ, Nazarian R, Lee J, Zhao PM, Espinosa-Jeffrey A et al (2002) Tumor necrosis factor modulates transcription of myelin basic protein gene through nuclear factor kappa B in a human oligodendroglioma ceU line. Int J Dev Neurosd 20 289-296... 

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