Human rights abuses

In January, 1971, Idi Amin Dada took power after a military coup in Uganda. His rule was characterized by human rights abuses, political repression, ethnic persecution, extra judicial killings, and the expulsion of Indians from Uganda. It is not known how many people were killed as a result of his regime but estimates range from 80,000 to 500,000. 

With human rights abuses such as these, there is more than enough justification to continue to legislate against abuse or at least to try to define what is unethical. The Nuremberg Code formed the basis of the Declaration of Geneva Physician s Oath (1948). This was adopted by General Assembly of the newly formed World Medical Association (WMA). It was looked on as a modernization of the Hippocratic Oath and was an attempt to focus the individual physician s attention on medical ethics. 

Businesses should make sure that they are not complicit in human rights abuses. 

When Russia forcibly re-incorporated Chechnya some years later, the international community condemned the excessive brutality of the venture and human rights abuses. But there was little or no support for the suggestion that Chechnya had a claim to... 

J. Clough (2008) Punishing the Parent Corporate Criminal Liability in Human Rights Abuses, Brooklyn Journal of International Law, 33/3 899-931. 

The establishment of an International Criminal Court (ICC) was confirmed in April 2002, following ratification of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court by a required 60 countries. The UK ratified the Rome Statute in October 2001 , becoming tiie 42nd state to do so. The ICC came into existence in July 2002 and enables prosecution of human rights abusers worldwide. 

Simma B, Paulus AL (2004) The responsibility of individuals for human rights abuses in internal conflicts a positivist view. In Ratner SR, Slaughter A-M (eds) The methods of international law. Ameiiean Soeiety of International Law, Washington, DC, pp 23-46 Sohn LB (1995) Sources of international law. Ga J Int Comp Law 25 399-406 Sureda AR (1973) The evolution of the right of self-determination - a study of United Nations practice. A W Sijthoff, Leiden... 

Helen Bamber Foundation - network and resources if suffered human rights abuses... 

Johnston, B. R. (Ed.). (1994). Experimenting on human subjects Nuclear weapons testing and human rights abuses. In B. R. Johnston (Ed.), Who pays the price The sociocultural context of environmental crises (pp. 131-141). Washington, DC Island Press. 

Despite reports of major human rights abuse perpetrated by Russian soldiers against ethnic Chechens, the U.S. took a noncommittal stance,... 

Drew, op. cit., p. 673 (questioning the United Nations choice of delegating security to Indonesian forces, in light of the latter s penchant for human rights abuses against the East Timorese ). 

Another important area impacting financial performance is conflict minerals, which has been a topic of discussion for quite some time. These are minerals mined from areas of the world where armed conflict and human rights abuses occur. Recently, this topic has gained special attention. Section 1502 of the Dodd-Frank Act requires certain companies using conflict minerals in their products to disclose the source of these minerals. Even though an estimated 6,000 companies will be directly impacted by this rule, many private companies within the supply chains of those companies will also be affected. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission expects the cost of compliance to be substantial for all involved. For primary companies and their suppliers, initial estimates for cost of compliance are between US 3 billion and US 4 billion, with annual costs thereafter of between US 207 million and US 609 million. ... 

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