Human error models

Qualitative assessment Determine performance requirements Evaluate performance situation Specify performance objectives Identify potential human errors Model human performance... 

Figure 6.1 Safety culture, human error model, and response to incidents based on Lucas (1992) and Westrum (1988).

Supporting the safety staff is necessary to fully appreciate the cognitive backgrounds of the human error model, and to ensure an objective and uniform approach in describing, classifying and interpreting the reported events, ... 

Moynihan R et al 2000 Coverage by the news media of the benefits and risks of medications. New England Journal of Medicine 342 1645-1650 Reason J 2000 Human error models and management. 

Such a task description invites task analysis, which would lead naturally to human reliability analysis (HRA). Indeed, perhaps the earliest work in this field applied HRA techniques to construct fault trees for aircraft structural inspection (Lock and Strutt 1985). The HRA tradition lists task steps, such as expanded versions of the generic functions above, lists possible errors for each step, then compiles performance shaping factors for each error. Such an approach was tried early in the FAA s human factors initiative (Drury et al. 1990) but was ultimately seen as difficult to use because of the sheer number of possible errors and PSFs. It is occasionally revised, such as in the current FRANCIE project (Haney 1999), using a much expanded framework that incorporates inspection as one of a number of possible maintenance tasks. Other attempts have been made to apply some of the richer human error models (e.g.. Reason 1990 Hollnagel 1997 Rouse 1985) to inspection activities (La-toreUa and Drury 1992 Prabhu and Drury 1992 Latorella and Prabhu 2000) to inspection tasks. These have given a broader understanding of the possible errors but have not helped better define the PoD curve needed to ensure continuing airworthiness of the civil air fleet. 

Coal mine accident human error model construction and team safety management mode analysis... 

ABSTRACT In recent years, coal mine accident happened frequently in our country. Based on the statistics about coal mine accident and accident mechanism analysis, the paper find out the main reason that lead to coal mine accident happened frequently in our country. Based on the existing accident model, it put forward coal mine accident human error model. And make detailed factor analysis and effective analysis for the model. Then, from the angle of team, the paper put forward team safety management mode for coal mine enterprises and the corresponding safety control measures. It is a new safe management thought for China s coal mine industry. 

COAL MINE ACCIDENT HUMAN ERROR MODEL... 

By reason analysis for coal mine accident Occurred in our country in recent years, relying on the error theory, based on the accident mechanism that predecessors had established (Li Zhicheng, et al. 2005), the paper constructed coal mine accidents human error model , as shown in Figure 1. 

That the theory coal mine accidents human error model proposed in the paper mainly reflects that human error is the ultimate reason lead to accident. The model contains two parts, that is, inside and out the red line region. Part of outside red line region embodies the relationship from the macroscopic among human error, object misconduct and environmental degradation, and the accident mechanism and consequences Part of inside red region describes the different accident processes from the microscopic. As shown in the model diagram, object misconduct and environmental degradation are... 

Based on the above analysis, the paper give a new definition for accidents category, that is. All coal mine accidents can be divided into 4 categories, that is, accident is directly caused by human error, we called it A class accident accident is caused by human error and object misconduct, we called it B class accident accident is caused by human error and environment degradation, we called it C class accident accident is caused by human error, object misconduct, environment degradation in the same time, we called it D class accident. So, we can say, human error is the ultimate reason of all accidents, and it is the essence of coal mine accident human error model. 

According to the coal mine accident human error model and coal mine accident main reason in our country, the paper raises the method to improve enterprise safety management level by constructing excellent team management mode, shown in Figure 2. 

From the perspective of the coal industry, through making analysis about many coal mine accidents, it established the coal mine accident human error model by observation and interpretation on the coal mine accidents mechanism from a new angle, and provided the reference for coal mine accident prevention business. 

Reason, J. 2000. Human error Models and management. British Medical Journal, 320 768-770, 18 March. 

Johnson, C. 1999. Why human error modelling has failed to help system development. Interacting with computers. 11 517-524. 

Reason, J. T. Human Error Models and Management. British Medical Journal, 2000, 320(122,1), 768-770. 

This involves assessing the design, by means of reliability analysis techniques, to determine whether the targets can be met. Techniques include fault tree and logic block diagram and FMEA analysis, redundancy modeling, assessments of common cause failure, human error modeling, and the choice of appropriate component failure rate data. Reliability assessment may also be used to evaluate potential financial loss. The process is described in Work Instruc-tion/001 (Random hardware failures). 

Hale, A. R., J. Stoop, and J. Hommels. Human Error Models as Predictors of Accident Scenarios for Designers in Road Transport Systems. Ergonomics 33, no. 10-11 (1990) 1377-1387. 

Reason, J.T. (2000), Human error models and management , British Medical... 

Pillay A. and Wang J., (2001), Human Error Modelling in Fishing Vessel Safety Assessment , Proceeding of International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Explosion (ASME Conference), New York, November 11-16. 

---