Human body digestive system

The nervous system is a complex part of the human body concerned with die regulation and coordination of body activities such as movement, digestion of food, sleep, and elimination of waste products. The nervous system has two main divisions the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Figure 22-1 illustrates the divisions of die nervous system. 

Symptoms of intoxication in humans caused by accidental ingestion of Kou-Wen plants have been described as follows. The effect on the digestive system starts with loss of appetite and turn of the stomach, and continues to severe abdominal pain and intestinal bleeding. The effect on the respiratory system presents as breathing difficulties which finally lead to death by respiratory failure. The effect on muscle innervation usually results in generalized muscular weakness and paralysis of the limbs. The effect on the circulatory system starts with heartbeat disorders and a drop in blood pressure, but heart failure is not a common cause of death. In addition to dilation of pupils, a drop in body temperature and proliferation of white blood cells have also been obseryed (70). 

Adequate vitamin A is also required for the health of the surface structures of the human body skin, the lining of the digestive system, lungs, and mouth. These structures, particularly the skin, are an important part of the human defense system against infection. When they are compromised, the human body becomes increasingly susceptible to infection, a profound problem in areas of poor public health resources. This story, and what has been done in response, is beautifully told in Philip Hilts book Rxfor Survival. ... 

There are eleven organ systems within the human body integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, circulatory, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive. 

Sucrose esters with a higher degree of substitution, so-called sucrose polyesters (Fig. 8), have characteristic properties of fats and oils. At the same time they are only partly digestible or even nondigestible by the body s lipases and are not absorbed by the human digestive system [7, 22, 42, 43]. Thus, their use as fat replacers appears predetermined and indeed sucrose polyesters with 6-8 acyl moieties were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1996 for certain use as fat replacers [43]. Known brand names are Olestra and Olean . They are used in food applications, e.g., in the preparation of dietary fried snacks [2, 42],... 

The human immune system is complex and involves the digestive tract, the blood and lymph systems, hormones, and many other specialized cells that enable the human body to respond to exogenous substances that may come in contact with the body. This ranges from fighting off an E. coli infection to healing a small cut. 

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