Host-guest chemistry, technological

This handbook serves as a companion volume to Zeolite Science and Technology, which was published in 2003. The scope and philosophy of the two books is much the same because they share the same publisher and coeditors. Because both volumes are strong on the basics and fundamentals, they are handbooks rather than simple monographs on the most recent applications, which tend to become outdated quickly. It has been our intent to focus keenly on the fundamental properties of the materials. Advances made in recent years concerning synthesis, characterization, host-guest chemistry, and modern applications are included. The permanent intracrystalline porosity feature ties these layered materials together for adsorptive and catalytic applications, among others. 

Almost from the beginning (1) of "host-guest" (2) or "supramolecular" (3) chemistry, this field has been associated with possible technological applications. The fact that molecular recognition can be achieved by systematic variation of the structure of the receptor molecule offers almost unlimited possibilities to design selective receptors. However, the technological application not only requires the selective receptor but also the translation of a molecular into a macroscopic property. Our work involves both the synthesis of molecular receptors (4-8) and their applications e.g. in membrane transport (9), medicine (10), optical (11) and electronic (12) sensors. 

Calixarenes are the most easily derivatized of the common supramolecular host systems, and tens of thousands of calixarene derivatives have been synthesized. In order to focus this discussion. Sect. 23.2 of this chapter will present selected examples of calixarenes binding to amino acids, peptides, and proteins, with some examples that provide general lessons in calixarene chemistry and biomolec-ular recognition. A Table that serves as an index for all reported equilibrium constants, including solution conditions, is presented at the end of Sect. 23.2. Section 23.3 of the Chapter will report on recent efforts to use calixarenes in both host-guest and scaffold modes as the basis for new biomolecular technologies. 

Lindner, E., R.E. Gyurcsanyi, and E. Pretsch 2012. Potentiometric ion sensors Host-guest supramolecu-lar chemistry in ionophore-based ion-selective membranes. In Applications ofSupramolecular Chemistry for 21st Century Technology, ed. Schneider, H.-J., xi, 441 p. Boca Raton, FL Taylor Francis. 

Electroanalytical chemistry is one of the areas where advantage of the unique properties of SAMs is clear, and where excellent advanced analytical strategies can be utilized, especially when coupled with more complex SAM architectures. There are a number of examples where redox reactions are used to detect biomaterials (357,358), and where guest—host chemistry has been used to exploit specific interactions (356,359). Ion-selective electrodes are an apphcation where SAMs may provide new technologies. Selectivity to divalent cations such as Cu " but not to trivalent ions such as Fe " has been demonstrated (360). 

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