Homologous recombination repair

Soares DG Escargueil AE, Poindessous V, Sarasin A, de Gramont A, Bonatto D, Henriques JA, Larsen AK. (2007) Replication and homologous recombination repair regulate DNA double-strand break formation by the antitumor alkylator ecteinascidin 743. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104 13062-13067. 

Importantly, the ERCCl/XPF structure-specific nuclease has an additional role in the repair of cisplatin adducts besides its function in NER the recombinational repair of interstrand crosslinks (19). ERCCl- or XPF-deficient hamster mutant cell lines are hypersensitive to DNA crosslink agents, much more so than to ultraviolet-induced pyrimide dimers, the classical substrates for NER (20,21). Moreover, co-localization of ERCCl foci and RAD51 foci in response to cisplatin treatment has recently been found and may represent recruitment of ERCCl/XPF to sites of recombination repair (22). Previous studies have shown that BRCAl, involved in homologous recombination repair, also plays a major role in the repair of cisplatin DNA damage (23). 

The homologous recombination repair pathway is highly complex, in part perhaps as a consequence of the diverse collection of structures on which it acts. Many proteins have been implicated in this pathway, but their real specific roles in the... 

There are six general mechanisms of DNA repair direct repair (DR), nucleotide excision repair (NER), base excision repair (BER), mismatch repair (MMR), homologous recombination repair (HRR), and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). 

Fanconi s anaemia (FA) is an autosomal disorder with bone marrow failure, variable presence of developmental abnormalities, hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents, and a very high incidence of cancer. Different complementation groups have been cloned, but the exact pathway remains uncertain. However, data suggest that the syndrome is linked to mutations in XRCC9 and XRCCl 1 and therefore to defects in the homologous recombination repair pathway (summarized in [26]). 

Error-Free Repair by Homologous Recombination Yeasts can repair double-strand breaks Induced by y-lrradlatlon. Isolation and analysis of radiation-sensitive (RAD) mutants that are deficient in this homologous recombination repair... 

Sharma S, Hicks JK, Chute CL, Brennan JAR, Ann JY, Glover TW, Canman CE. REVl and polymerase facilitate homologous recombination repair. Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 4 682-91. 

Homologous recombination repair uses a perfect homologous sequence to restore exactly the DNA sequence disrupted by the DSB. This homology is usually provided postreplication by the sister chromatid. 

Fig. 14.3a-d. DSB repair pathways in mammalian cells, a Nonhomologous endjoining (NHEJ), b homologous recombination repair (HRR), c single-strand annealing (SSA), d repair of replication associated DSBs by homologous recombination... 

Holmes, A.L., Joyce, K., Xie, H., et al., 2014. The impact of homologous recombination repair deficiency on depleted uranium clastogenicity in Chinese hamster ovary cells XRCC3 protects cells from chromosome aberrations, but increases chromosome fragmentation. Mutat. Res. Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. 762,1-9. 

---