Hoechst in Germany

Thermal chlorination of methane was first put on an industrial scale by Hoechst in Germany in 1923. At that time, high pressure methanol synthesis from hydrogen and carbon monoxide provided a new source of methanol for production of methyl chloride by reaction with hydrogen chloride. Prior to 1914 attempts were made to estabHsh an industrial process for methanol by hydrolysis of methyl chloride obtained by chlorinating methane. 

DOC [direct oxychlorination] A one-stage process for making vinyl chloride from ethylene and chlorine. Piloted by Hoechst in Germany in 1989. 

Pioneering work on phosphorus ester oligomers has been done by Monsanto in the U.S. (1), by Hoechst in Germany (2), and in the Soviet Union. These "itudies involved synthesis and flame retardant applications. The polycondensation of 2-chloroethyl phosphates as a route to oligomeric phosphorus esters (Equation 1) was first reported by Korshak al. (3). This Russian publication describes the polycondensation of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate at 240-280° under non-catalytic conditions. 

Following the technological breakthroughs which led to the discovery of (1) the liquid crystalline behavior ofpara-oriented aramids26 and (2) a novel method for spinning anisotropic liquid crystalline polymer solutions,27 Kevlar aramid fiber was produced and commercialized by the DuPont company in 1972. Other fibers based on aromatic polyamide compositions, which were produced and commercialized by other companies, were Technora (Teijin, Japan), Teijinconex (Teijin, Japan), andTwaron (Akzo, The Netherlands). Additionally, SVM is a fiber produced in the Former Soviet Union and it was announced in 1990 that a new aramid fiber had been introduced by Hoechst, in Germany. 

Another well-known slurry (suspension) process was developed by what was then Hoechst in Germany in the mid-1950s. Hoechst was the first licensee to use the catalyst and process developed by Karl Ziegler for producing low pressure... 

The dual-temperature principle for providing reflux for the ammonia-hydrogen deuterium exchange process was proposed by the British firm Constructors John Brown [C12], has been tested in pilot-plant experiments conducted by Friedrich Uhde Gmbh at the plant of Farbwerke Hoechst in Germany [W2], and is to be used in a commercial plant at Talcher, India (item 19, Table 132), being constructed by Uhde. 

In the early 1960s, UHMWPE was classified as a form of HDPE among members of the polymer industry (Chubberley 1965). Thus, Chamley s earlier references fo UHMWPE as HDPE are fechnically accurafe for his time (Chamley 1963), but they have contributed to some confusion over the years as to exactly what kinds of polyethylenes have been used clinically. From a close reading of Chamley s works, it is clear that HDPE is used synonymously with RCH-1000, the trade name for UHMWPE produced by Hoechst in Germany (Chamley 1979). With the exception of a small series of 22 patients who were implanted with silane-crosslinked HDPE at Wrighington (Wroblewski et al. 1996), there is no evidence in the literature that lower molecular weight polyethylenes have been used clinically. 

Successful TSRs were also performed in the early 1970s by Stillbrink (four patients), Kenmore (three patients), and Zipple using polyethylene glenoid components with Neer s original humeral component (Neer, 11 1974, Rockwood, Jr. 2000). This is the first recorded use of polyethylene in the shoulder and the date identifies the polyethylene as RCH 1000, the trade name for UHMWPE produced by Hoechst in Germany. 

AL60FL0N Mbntecatlnl in Italy SOREFLON Ugine-Kuhlmann in France POLYFLON Daikin in Japan HALON Allied Corporation in the USA (Montecatini) HOSTAPLON Hoechst in Germany... 

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