History of Ammunition

The self-contained metallic cartridge is a relatively recent development in historical terms. Gunpowder has been in use as a firearms propellant for about 670 years, but the metallic cartridge is only about 160 years old. The modern self-contained metallic cartridge was perfected about 122 years ago and high-velocity types with smokeless powders were developed about 102 years ago.23 

One of the earliest attempts to decrease loading time was a breech-loading matchlock firearm with the rear end of the barrel counter bored to give a larger diameter than the rest of the bore. A removable iron chamber complete with its own flash pan and loaded with gunpowder and bullet was inserted. Extra loaded insert chambers could be carried.24 

Various designs of the paper cartridge were in general use by the middle of the seventeenth century and paper was used for cartridge manufacture for about 300 years. 

Whenever the complete cartridge, including paper, was loaded into the firearm, the paper cartridge case burned when the charge was fired. However, 

The earliest example of a fully self-contained cartridge was produced by Swiss engineer Jean Samuel Pauly in 1808. This cartridge was loaded directly into the breech of a firearm, which was also developed by Pauly, and was fired by a needle piercing it. 

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History. Picatinny, or water-by-the-hill , was the name given by the Lenape Indians to the brook flowing under what is now called Picatinny Peak. Thus, two of the essentials for the manufacture of ammunition are implied by its name... 

General Refs 129) G.H. Custard, G. Francis W. Schnackenberg, Small Arms Incendiary Ammunition , Frankford Arsenal Report No R-1407, Vol 1-4 (Dec 1956), AD 159 322 130) J.R. Partington, A History of Greek Fire and Gun Powder , W. Heffer and Sons, Cambridge (1960) 131) Anon, EngrgDesHndbk,... 

A. Aguado, Madrid (1941), pp 263-61 (History of Black Powder and Ammunition weapons using it)... 

These problems are of particular importance in explosive, ammunition and propellant plants because a fire in these plants might be accompanied by an explosion with. consequent loss of life and property Refs 1) R. Assheton, "History of Explosions , Institute of Makers of Explosives, NY (1930)... 

Anon, "Ordnance Service in the Field , FM 9-1(1959) 6)Anon, "Ordnance Ammunition Service , FM 9 5(1959) 7)A.B.Hartley, "Unexploded Bomb, A History of Bomb Disposal , Norton Co,NY(1959)(A detailed description of bomb disposal conducted in GtBritian during and after WWII) 8)Office, Chief of Ordnance , Program for Neutralization and Disposal of Explosive Material , Technical Information Report G,TIR G, Washington,DC(1960(Conf)(Not used as a source of info)... 

Firearms and their associated ammunition, spent bullets, and spent cartridge cases provide useful information for identifying suspects, terrorist groups, and the criminal history of a weapon. Unfortunately, despite the numerous detailed books on the physical aspects of firearms, very little has been published on the chemical aspects, and what has been published is sparse and fragmented. 

Summarizes the history of firearms and ammunition as it relates to the development of modern weapons... 

The first part of the book is an attempt to amalgamate such chemical information as is available in the literature into one publication and also to summarize the history of firearms and ammunition that is of particular relevance to the development of modern firearms and ammunition (Chapter 2 through Chapter 15). 

Incineration is a widely used and proven technology with a long history of research and development. In the US incinerators are being used as deactivation furnaces for the treatment of ammunition containing gun propellants, high explosives, rocket propellants, igniters and primary explosives. It can be used also for remediation of soil contaminated with explosives. 

The fighting in Italy had altered mortar commanders views as to the desirability of the -ton truck. Too much had been expected of these vehicles. The i%-ton trucks were still needed to haul ammunition from army supply points to the mortar battalion dumps and on to company dumps. Earlier thoughts on transportation had been conditioned by the experience of the fast-moving Sicilian campaign operations in Italy, characterized by slow movements and static situations, brought about the change. Opnl History of Cml Bns and the 4.2-inch Mortar in World War II, p. II, Italian Campaign, p. io . 

It was the single largest ammunition contract in the history of federal law enforcement, worth a maximum of 54 million. Winchester Ammunition will produce. 40 S W service ammunition, training ammunition, reduced-lead training ammunition and frangible ammunition for the FBI for one base year, with four, one-year renewal options. 

John Wilson s recollection of the Balltown Riot was rather different. More white people were killed than colored, he told Bond, but they did not make it known. Old Man Creole Lott killed about six. His wife hid his ammunition—that s the reason he did not kill more in transcript of Bond s interviews with John Wilson, reels 29-30, Horace Mann Bond Papers. On the Balltown Riot, see also Causes of the Balltown Riot, Bond Papers E. Russ Williams, Jr., History of Washington Parish, Louisiana, 1798-1992 (Monroe, La. Williams Genealogical and Historical Publications, 1994), 291-92. According to a newspaper account in the [New York ] Record-Herald, November [ ], 1901, three whites and as many as fifteen blacks were killed (Tuskegee Institute clippings file, microfilm, Perkins Library, Duke University). 

History. The US Army organization that formerly, for over 100 years, had responsibility for the design, manufacture and procurement from private industry of weapons, ammunition and vehicles, for the training of personnel in their use, and for their storage, issue and maintenance. The Ordnance Department also served both the Navy and Air Force as directed by higher authority... 

D.A.Werblin,Ordnance Sergeant,Feb 1943,pp 160—63(Fundamentals of Artillery Weapons) 35)M.M.Johnson,Jr C.T.Haven, "Ammunition, Its History, Development and... 

Gun Design, Chapt 2—Gun Construction, Chapt 3—Recoil, Chapt 4-Carriages and Mounts and Chapt 5—Breech Mechanisms) 56)Anon, "Artillery Ammunition, Dept of the Army Tech Manual, TM 9—1901, Washington,DC(1950) 57)ORDIM,Office of Chief of Ordnance Washington 25,DC,"Com-plete Round Charts, No 5981(1950-1) 58)Anon, "Ordnance Proof Manual, Nos 1—1 to 70-10, years of issue 1937-1951, Office of Chief of Ordnance, Washing ton,DC 59) R.Held, "The Age of Firearms, A Pictorial History, Harper Bros, NY(1951) 60)C.R. Jacobs, "Official Gun Book,1 CrownPublg Co,NY(1951) 6l)Anon, "Ordnance Inspection Handbook on Ammunition Material, ... 

Bomb Fuzes, Land Mines, Grenades, Firing Devices and Sabotage Devices), TM 9—1985— 4(1953) 78)Anon, "Japanese Explosive Ordnance (Army Ammunition, Navy Ammunition), TM 9-1985-5(1953) 79)Anon, "Italian and French Explosive Ordnance, TM 9—1985—6 (1953) (Same info as in Ref 44a) 80)R.R. Sharpe, "Rifle in America, Funk Wagnalls, NY(1953) 81)R.Pichene, "Les Mines, Charles-Lavauzelle, Paris(1953) 82)E. Tunis, "Weapons, A Pictorial History, The World Publg Co, Cleveland,Ohio(1954) 83)Anon, "Elements of Armament Engineering, US Military Academy,West Point,NY(1954)... 

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