Campaign Operation

Betriebs-zeit,/. working hours shift working season, campaign operating time (required for any process), -zustand, m. working or operating condition. 

Foster Wheeler. 2001. Supercritical Water Oxidation (SCWO) Engineering Design Studies II—TW—SCWO GB Campaign Operability Draft Test Report, December 31. Livingston, N.J. Foster Wheeler Development Corporation. 

Multiperiod Campaign Operation Optimisation - Industrial Case Study... 

The column is to process a total of 100 kmol of the feed mixture. Since the reboiler capacity is smaller than the total amount of feed to be processed, a campaign mode operation will be required processing a number of batches in sequence. Again the objective is to recover 75% Heptane with 95% purity. A total of 39.5 kmol of distillate will be achieved from the campaign operation (from Equation 10.8, using Bo = 100 kmol). 

The batch-to-batch variation discussed above for batch cooling methods can be largely overcome by utilizing continuous operation to achieve both control of low levels of super-sturation and operation with massive amounts of seed. This technology is widely used for high-volume products but finds less application in the pharmaceutical industry because of lower volumes and campaigned operations in which continuous operations are more difficult to justify. However, in some examples discussed below, there is no alternative to continuous operation to achieve the separation and purification required. 

Hot blast cupolas are normally set up for long campaign operation, in order to minimise process switch overs and maintenance time and effort. 

To allow for long campaign operation the following measures need to be taken apply a more persistent refractory lining of the shaft, bottom and the hearth apply water cooling of the furnace wall this keeps the wall temperature low and thus prevents rapid wearing of the hearth lining... 

Operational data are given in Annex 1. The heating of the blast air produces a lower flue-gas volume as compared to hot blast long campaign operation. As compared to oxygen injection, the flue-gas volume and electricity consumption is larger. 

The normal distribution is the most commonly known as it represents the typical variation pattern in the process industry Most data are close to the average representing the normal operation while a small fraction of data corresponds to campaign operation or turndown operation. Therefore, the normal distribution is widely used to describe variations of real data that cluster around the single mean value as a simple model for complex phenomena. The normal distribution can be described by a probability density function as... 

The fighting in Italy had altered mortar commanders views as to the desirability of the -ton truck. Too much had been expected of these vehicles. The i%-ton trucks were still needed to haul ammunition from army supply points to the mortar battalion dumps and on to company dumps. Earlier thoughts on transportation had been conditioned by the experience of the fast-moving Sicilian campaign operations in Italy, characterized by slow movements and static situations, brought about the change. Opnl History of Cml Bns and the 4.2-inch Mortar in World War II, p. II, Italian Campaign, p. io . 

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