Historical Retrospect on High-Pressure Processes

Besides, mechanical and chemical engineering material science has promoted the development of new high-pressure processes by creating high ductile steels with 

Finally, the safety of high-pressure plants is of outstanding importance. Thus, in the course of development, national safety rules for vessels, pipes, and valves have been introduced by special organizations. For example, in 1884, the American Society of Mechanical Engineering (ASME) launched its first standard for the uniformity of testing methods of boilers. The German society TUV was founded in 1869 in order to avoid the devastating explosions of steam vessels. 

The follovhng list of year dates shows essential milestones of high-pressure processes concerning their development and technical design  

1852 J.P. Joule and W. Thompson discovered the cooling effect caused by the expansion of gases during pressure release. 

1873 J.D. van der Waals gives a plausible explanation for the behavior of fluids at supercritical conditiort 

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