High-viscosity nitrocellulose

Energetic Plashcizer or co-plashcizer for high viscosity nitrocellulose (NC) and most preferred plashcizer for cyclodextrin nitrate polymers... 

Similar results due to irradiation were also established by Rogovin and Glas-man [90]. Clement, Riviere and Beck [91] found that under the influence of the light only the viscosity of high-viscosity nitrocellulose was decreased, low-viscosity nitrocellulose did not undergo any change. In view of the experiments of Mine [92], quoted below, this observation appears to be inaccurate. Clement, Riviere and Beck observed, moreover, that the solubility was increased by irradiation. The increase of solubility may be brought about to some extent by a certain denitration... 

Long fibre cotton 20-50 mm in length and 0.01-0.04 mm dia., which is the raw material for the textile industry. Waste from this cotton is utilized in the production of certain sorts of high viscosity nitrocellulose, e.g. dynamite nitrocotton. 

Organic solvents, e,g, acetone, amyl acetate (CH3C00.C Hs ) or alcohol, are used with compositions which contain magnesium naturally water cannot be used. In this case celluloid or Igner(the commercial name of powdered celluloid), which possibly contains a small amount of talc, is popularly used as a binder. V/he n a better star ignition is required, high viscosity nitrocellulose should be used, this is industrially made and sold commercially. 

Films formed from high-viscosity nitrocellulose have good flexibility combined with a high crack resistance. They are therefore employed where high mechanical stress is to be expected (e.g., in leather coatings, putty, adhesives). Only lacquers with low solids contents can be obtained from high-viscosity nitrocellulose. 

Dope cotton n. Designation of high viscosity nitrocellulose, i.e., 20-30, 40, and 70 s nitrocellulose. 

Fedoroff, "Basic Research Leading to the Development of Ideal Propellants. Preparation of Low Viscosity, High Nitrogen Nitrocellulose , PATR 1678 (Feb 1948)... 

McCall [57]. The minimum viscosity of a 4% solution corresponds to a mixture of 55 parts by volume of ether with 45 parts by volume of alcohol (1.1 1 parts by weight). A solvent composed of 75% of ether and 25% of ethanol produces a high viscosity solution. By an inappreciable decrease of the alcohol content the precipitation of nitrocellulose gel is brought about. The opposite effect, giving a high-viscosity solution on the border of gel precipitation is produced by a solvent made up from 25% ether and 75% alcohol. The gel precipitates on the addition of a small amount of alcohol. ... 

An addition of diphenylamine causes a marked decrease in viscosity, as reported by Drinberg [62]. The viscosity of high-viscosity nitrocotton solution is decreased under the influence of a 5% admixture of diphenylamine (by weight of nitrocellulose) as much as 24%. 

Effect of the conditions of nitration. The conditions under which the nitration was carried out exert an appreciable influence on the viscosity of nitrocellulose solutions. Thus a high nitrating temperature produces low viscosity nitrocellulose... 

Fig. 106. Nitrogen contents of extracted nitrocellulose fractions according to G. G. Jones and Miles [16a] CO HH nitrocellulose, 12.20% N, high viscosity, unkiered (II) HX nitrocellulose, 12.26% N, low viscosity (III) HX nitrocellulose, 12.07% N, low viscosity (IV) Guncotton, unkiered, 13.14% N (V) Guncotton, kiered, 12.95% N (VI) Guncotton, kiered, 12.93% N (VII) Pyro nitrocellulose, 12.70% N (VUI) Nitro-woodpulp, 11.30% N (IX) Nitroramie (73.5% soluble...

Jr, "The Viscosity of High-Nitrogen Nitrocellulose , Paper presented at the Army -Navy Solid Propellant Group, 111 Inst of Technology, Chicago, 111(19 April, 1948) 179)H. 

Both these characteristics are responsible for the veiy high viscosity of nitrocellulose solutions. 

High-viscosity, medium-viscosity, and low-viscosity formulations of each type are available [2.3]. Important producers of nitrocellulose used in lacquers include Hercules (USA), ICI (UK), BNC (France), Wolff Walsrode (FRG), and NQB (Brazil). 

Low-viscosity nitrocellulose is used to prepare high-solids lacquers. Since low-viscosity nitrocellulose produces hard to brittle coating films, plasticizers and plastify-ing resins must be added to the lacquer formulation. They are used in putty, dipping paints, and printing inks. 

A second important criterion for classification of nitrocellulose is its average MW, which is more conveniently expressed as the viscosity of its solutions. Based on this, it is classified as low viscosity, medium viscosity, and high viscosity grades. 

Nobel invented gelatinous dynamite in 1875 by accident. He investigated the effect of nitroglycerine on the collodion (nitrocellulose in a mixture of ether and alcohol) that he used to treat a cut finger and found that it produced a tough plastic material with adjustable viscosity and high water resistance. 

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