High Molecular Weight n-Paraffins

CHEMICALS FROM HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT n-PARAFFINS 

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Sutton, C., and J. A. Calder, Solubility of High-Molecular-Weight n-Paraffins in Distilled Water and Seawater. Environ. Sci. Technol., 1974 8, 655-657. 

Gibson, J.W., Good, G.M., Holzman, G., 1960. The use of dual function catalysts in isomerization of high molecular weight n-paraffins. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 52, 113-116. 

It has been shown (9) that asphaltenes contain a broad distribution of polarities and molecular weights. According to these studies, the concept of asphaltenes is based on the solubility behavior of high-boiling hydrocarbonaceous materials in benzene and low-molecular weight n-paraffin hydrocarbons. This solubility behavior is a result of physical effects that are caused by a spectrum of chemical properties. Long also... 

Ozin and Huber 112) synthesized and characterized very small silver particles, Ag n = 2-5) by conventional deposition methods, as well as by a novel technique that they have termed "cryophotoaggrega-tion. This study will be discussed in detail in Section III. Of interest here is a study of silver atoms and small, silver clusters entrapped in ice and high-molecular-weight paraffin (n-C22H46, n-C32Hg8) matrices 146) (see Figs. 7 and 8, and Tables IV and V). Besides the intriguing, multiple-site (solvation) occupancy of atomic silver in ice matrices, and their thermal and photochemical interconvertibility, their extremely... 

Optical Spectra of Ag Atoms and Ag, Dimers in Methane and High-Molecular-Weight Paraffin Wax (n-CaH , n- C3,H ) Matrices (146) at 10-12 K... 

All diesel fuels eventually cause start-up and operability problems when subjected to sufficiently low temperatures. As the ambient temperature cools, high-molecular weight paraffins present in petrodiesel nucleate and form solid wax crystals which, suspended in liquid, are composed of short-chain n-alkanes and aromatics (Chandler et al., 1992 Owen and Coley, 1990 Lewtas et al., 1991 Brown et al., 1989 Zielinski and Rossi, 1984). Left unattended overnight... 

FIGURE 3.1 Viscosities (cSt) at 40°C and 100°C of n-paraffins of chain length Cn to C44. Sources J. Denis, The Relationship Between Structure and Rheological Properties of Hydrocarbons and Oxygenated Compounds Used as Base Stocks, Journal of Synthetic Lubricants 1(1—3) 201—238 (1984) J. Denis and G. Parc, Rheological Limits of Mineral and Synthetic Hydrocarbon Base Stocks, Journal of the Institute of Petroleum 56(556) 70-83 (1973) and Properties of Hydrocarbons of High Molecular Weight, Research Project 42, 1940-1966, American Petroleum Institute, New York. With permission. 

Specialty waxes include polar waxes for more polar adhesive systems. Examples would be castor wax (triglyceride of 12-hydroxy stearic acid) or Paracin wax N- 2 hydroxy ethyl)-12-hydroxy stearamide) which are used in polyester, polyamide, or with high VA EVA copolymer-based systems. Other common polar waxes are maleated polyethylenes, which are used to improve the specific adhesion of polyethylene-based adhesives, and low molecular weight ethylene copolymers with vinyl acetate or acrylic acid, which are used to improve low temperature adhesion. High melting point isotactic polypropylene wax (7 155°C) and highly refined paraffin wax (7,n 83°C) are used where maximum heat resistance is critical. Needless to say, these specialty waxes also command a premium price, ranging from 2 to 5 times that of conventional paraffin wax. 

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