High-density polyethylene matrix

Lu N, Oza S. A comparative study of the mechanical properties of hemp fiber with virgin and recycled high density polyethylene matrix. Compos Part B 2013 45 (1) 1651-1656. 

Lu N, Swan RH, Ferguson I. Composition, structure, and mechanical properties of hemp fiber reinforced composite with recycled high-density polyethylene matrix. J Compos Mater 2012 46 (16) 1915-1924. 

He X, Cai Y, Wang Q, et al Improvement of mechanical properties and ultraviolet resistance of polyethylene pipe materials using high density polyethylene matrix grafted carbon hhek, JMaeromol Sci Phys 51(2) 298—312, 2012. 

Short fiber reinforcement of TPEs has recently opened up a new era in the field of polymer technology. Vajrasthira et al. [22] studied the fiber-matrix interactions in short aramid fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites. Campbell and Goettler [23] reported the reinforcement of TPE matrix by Santoweb fibers, whereas Akhtar et al. [24] reported the reinforcement of a TPE matrix by short silk fiber. The reinforcement of thermoplastic co-polyester and TPU by short aramid fiber was reported by Watson and Prances [25]. Roy and coworkers [26-28] studied the rheological, hysteresis, mechanical, and dynamic mechanical behavior of short carbon fiber-filled styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) block copolymers and TPEs derived from NR and high-density polyethylene (HOPE) blends. 

Sperling [133] has reported extensively on the determination of cadmium in seawater, as well as in other biological samples and materials. He added ammonium persulfate, which permitted charring seawater at 430 °C without loss of cadmium. For workbelow 2 pg/1 cadmium in seawater he recommended extraction of the cadmium to separate it from the matrix [126,134,135]. He found no change in the measured levels over many months when the seawater was stored in high-density polyethylene or polypropylene. 

One of the advantages of the FTIR spectrometer is the facility of sample preparation procedure. It is possible to press powder into pellet. In this method, different diluents (matrixes) can be selected for several applications. For mid-IR frequency range, KBr, KC1, or diamond dust can be used. For far-infrared testing, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or diamond dust is suitable. For near-infrared analysis, Csl or KBr can be selected or mulls may be used as alternatives to pellets. The sample... 

Figures 7.18(b) and 7.18(c) show the breakup into droplets of an extended filament of high density polyethylene in a polystyrene matrix. In Fig. 7.18(b) the distance between the extruder die and the quenching bath is short and the fiber freezes before breaking up, whereas in Fig. 7.18(c) the distance was increased, giving the filaments sufficient time for breakup. As the filament extends, its diameter is reduced until shear forces no longer dominate the surface tension cohesive forces and the filaments breaks into droplets, just like a stream of water from a faucet breaks up into droplets.

IR spectroscopic measurements were performed in the mid and far infrared regions. For mid infrared measurements a Matson Genesis FT-IR spectrometer and the KBr technique (2 mg of sample in 200 mg KBr) were utilized. Far infrared measurements were run on a Bio-Rad-Win-IR FT-IR spectrometer in the 500-100 cm range. In this case HDPE (high density polyethylene) was the matrix material and 128 scans were collected for... 

Most composite decking manufacturers utilize high-density polyethylene, (HDPE), polypropylene, or polyvinylchloride (PVC) as polymer matrix, and wood flour or rice hulls as the principal filler for their products. Some manufacturers also add mineral fillers, such as talc. These and other changes in compositions make composite materials to vary in their appearance, shape, strength, deflection, moisture absorption, fade resistance, microbial resistance, slip resistance, flammability, and other properties, which will be discussed later in this book. 

Eor the typical commercial polypropylene copolymer systems the viscosity of the matrix phase is quite high, and the molecular diffusion and solubility of the minor phase component in the matrix phase are relatively high. These factors tend to favor the evaporation/condensation, that is, Ostwald ripening, mechanism and suppress the coalescence mechanism in these systems. Mirabella and coworkers studied a series of multiphase systems, including a hiPP (30), a high density polyethylene (HOPE)/ hydrogenated polybutadiene (HPB) blend, (31) and an unbranched PE molecular... 

Plastics are subject to attack by some aggressive fluids and chemicals. However, not all plastics are attacked by the same materials. It is generally possible, therefore, to select a plastic matrix to meet a particular condition. Some plastics, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), are immune to almost any commonly found solvents. A few such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are immune to almost any corrosive conditions. 

Bonduel et al prepared PE-coated MWCNTs by in situ coordination polymerization, using bis(pentamethyl-ri 5-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium(IV) dichloride (Cp2 ZrCl2) as a typical polymerization catalyst from methylalu-minoxane (MAO)-functionalized nanotubes at 50 °C, 2.7 bar for 1 h. The grafted PE amount was 72 wt%. The PE-grafted CNTs could be well dispersed in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix by melt blending. 

The matrix material used in polymer-based composites can either be thermoset (epoxies, phenolics) or thermoplastic resins (low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, acrylics). The filler or reinforcing agent can be chosen according to the desired properties. The properties of polymer matrix composites are determined by properties, orientation and concentration of fibers and properties of matrix. 

In the case of crystalline polymers such as high density polyethylene (FiDPE), the effect of orientation on the morphology has been extensively studied [32,48]. The isotropic sample consists of crystalline lamellae (thickness 100-400 A) embedded in an amorphous matrix. Each lamella is composed of a mosaic of crystalline blocks of lateral dimension 100-200 A with boundaries defined by dislocations. The lamellae are randomly oriented and generally arrange themselves end to end in ribbon-like structures which grow out from nucleating centers to form... 

Nitrate (matrix dependent) HIgh-densIty polyethylene Filter, 4°C 1-2 months... 

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