High bioavailibility

Temozolomide undergoes spontaneous hydrolysis and decarboxylation at physiological pH value and thereafter a methyldiazonium ion is released. This ion forms DNA adducts within guanine rich DNA sequences. Temozolomide has high bioavailability and is metabolized in the liver. 

Most foods of animal origin contain nicotinamide in the coenzyme form (high bioavialability). Liver and meat are particularly rich in highly bioavailable niacin. Most of the niacin in plants, however, occurs as nicotinic acid in overall lower concentrations and with a lower bioavailability. The major portion of niacin in cereals is found in the outer layer and its bioavailability is as low as 30% because it is bound to protein (niacytin). If the diet contains a surplus of L-tryptophan (Ttp), e.g., more than is necessary for protein synthesis, the liver can synthesize NAD from Trp. Niacin requirements are therefore declared as niacin equivalents (1 NE = 1 mg niacin = 60 mg Trp). 

Toluene, volatile nitrites, and anesthetics, like other substances of abuse such as cocaine, nicotine, and heroin, are characterized by rapid absorption, rapid entry into the brain, high bioavailability, a short half-life, and a rapid rate of metabolism and clearance (Gerasimov et al. 2002 Pontieri et al. 1996, 1998). Because these pharmacokinetic parameters are associated with the ability of addictive substances to induce positive reinforcing effects, it appears that the pharmacokinetic features of inhalants contribute to their high abuse liability among susceptible individuals. 

Algae can be cultivated easily and quickly when compared to plants. They produce very high quantities of carotenoids compared to other sources (3.0 to 5.0% w/w on a dry weight basis). They contain both cis and trans isomers of carotenoids for high bioavailability and bioefflcacy, and also contain oxygenated carotenoids (xantho-phylls), which have greater bioactivity and better anticancer properties. The proteins from Dunaliella biomass can be utilized for bread and other products and whole cells can be utilized for animal, poultry, and fish foods because they are safe. ... 

Carotene (all-trans), (3-cryptoxanthin (all-trans and -cis), zeaxanthin (all-trans), luteoxanthin isomers, violaxanthin (all-trans and -cis), and neoxanthin (all-trans and -cis) were identified in several mango cultivars (Mercadante and others 1997 Ornelas-Paz and others 2007, 2008). Mango retinol was found to be highly bioavail-able by estimating vitamin A and carotene reserves in the liver and plasma of rats. Information on the tocopherol content in mango is very scarce, but it seems to be low (Burns and others 2003 Ornelas-Paz and others 2007). 

Oligo administration during many clinical trials entails direct i.v. infusion, often over a course of several hours. S.c. and, in particular, intradermal administration is usually also associated with high bioavailability. 

Many mild to moderate infections can be treated with oral agents that possess high bioavailability. 

Transdermal patch technology represents an important area of biomaterials, due to its non-invasive character, ease to use, and a relatively high bioavailability. Generally, these patches could deliver drugs from one to seven days. Currently, 11 drugs, or drugs combinations are delivery through body via this method [195],... 

In animals, absorption of 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine from the gastrointestinal tract is rapid. Following a dose of 40 mg/kg, the plasma level of imchanged 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine attained a peak concentration of 1.25 g/mL at 4 hours in Sprague Dawley rats. Further, about 90% of the administered radioactivity was excreted in feces (via bile) and urine within 72 hours largely as metabolites, indicating a high bioavailability, typical of primary aiylamines. The elimination is biphasic, with half-lives of 6 hours and 14 hours in plasma for the rapid and slow phases, respectively (Hsu and Sikka 1982). 

The inhibitor has excellent pharmacokinetics in both mice and rats, with high bioavailabilities (82 and 74%, respectively) [113]. Additionally, the potential for drug-drug interactions after administration of ARRY-142886 is low as it does not inhibit any of the major cytochrome p450 isoforms below 20 xM. 

Because of high bioavailability, oral and IV doses are therapeutically equivalent, so patients may be switched to and from the IV form with no change in dose. 

Absorption - The majority of a delivered dose is deposited in the Gl tract and, to a lesser extent, in the lung, the intended organ. The absolute bioavailability of 19.5% suggests that the fraction reaching the lung is highly bioavailable. Maximum tiotropium plasma concentrations were observed 5 minutes after inhalation. 

In terms of pharmacokinetics, moxifloxacin has a high bioavailability, based on once-daily dosing of 400 mg, of 90% (Keating and Scott, 2004). The maximum plasma... 

Clindamycin can be administered orally with a high bioavailability. Also formulations for intravenous administration exist. Protein binding is about 90%. It is distributed throughout the body except the CNS. It shows excellent penetration in bone and in empyema and abscesses. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the bile. The elimination half-life is about 3 h. Adverse effects include gastrointestinal distress, skin rashes and decreased liver function. Pseudomembranous colitis is relatively frequently seen due to resistance of Clostridium difficile. 

Active against anaerobic organisms and under such conditions it is reduced to a short-lived metabolite that damages DNA. Oral doses are highly bioavailable but 40-80% of the parent compound can be excreted. 

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