Hexadecanols

If the spreading is into a limited surface area, as in a laboratory experiment, the film front rather quickly reaches the boundaries of the trough. The film pressure at this stage is low, and the now essentially uniform film more slowly increases in v to the final equilibrium value. The rate of this second-stage process is mainly determined by the rate of release of material from the source, for example a crystal, and the surface concentration F [46]. Franses and co-workers [47] found that the rate of dissolution of hexadecanol particles sprinkled at the water surface controlled the increase in surface pressure here the slight solubility of hexadecanol in the bulk plays a role. 

Primary human skin irritation of tetradecanol, hexadecanol, and octadecanol is nil they have been used for many years ia cosmetic creams and ointments (24). Based on human testing and iudustrial experience, the linear, even carbon number alcohols of 6—18 carbon atoms are not human skin sensitizers, nor are the 7-, 9- and 11-carbon alcohols and 2-ethylhexanol. Neither has iudustrial handling of other branched alcohols led to skin problems. Inhalation hazard, further mitigated by the low vapor pressure of these alcohols, is slight. Sustained breathing of alcohol vapor or mist should be avoided, however, as aspiration hazards have been reported (25). 

In other surfactant uses, dodecanol—tetradecanol is employed to prepare porous concrete (39), stearyl alcohol is used to make a polymer concrete (40), and lauryl alcohol is utilized for froth flotation of ores (41). A foamed composition of hexadecanol is used for textile printing (42) and a foamed composition of octadecanol is used for coating polymers (43). On the other hand, foam is controUed by detergent range alcohols in appHcations by lauryl alcohol in steel cleaning (44), by octadecanol in a detergent composition (45), and by eicosanol—docosanol in various systems (46). 

Cosmetics and Pharmaceuticals. The main use of hexadecanol (cetyl alcohol) is in cosmetics (qv) and pharmaceuticals (qv), where it and octadecanol (stearyl alcohol) are used extensively as emoUient additives and as bases for creams, Hpsticks, ointments, and suppositories. Octadecenol (oleyl alcohol) is also widely used (47), as are the nonlinear alcohols. The compatibiHty of heavy cut alcohols and other cosmetic materials or active dmg agents, their mildness, skin feel, and low toxicity have made them the preferred materials for these appHcations. Higher alcohols and their derivatives are used in conditioning shampoos, in other personal care products, and in ingested materials such as vitamins (qv) and sustained release tablets (see Controlled RELEASE technology). 

Cetyl alcohol (1-hexadecanol) [36653-82-4] M 242.5, m 49.3". Crystd from aqueous EtOH or from cyclohexane. Purified by zone refining. Purity checked by gas chromatography. 

Hexadecanol Poly(diethylene glycol adipate), [Acid end group] = 2.52 meq g-1... 

Bistline et al. [59] determined the stability to hydrolysis of sodium hexa-decanol, hexadecanol ether (2 EO), octadecanol ether (2 EO), and octadecanol... 

The effect may be reduced by the introduction of surfactants which tend to concentrate at the interface where they exert a stabilising influence, although they may introduce an interface resistance and substantially reduce the mass transfer rate. Thus, for instance, hexadecanol when added to open ponds of water will collect at the interface and substantially reduce the rate of evaporation. 

RN 99732-49-7 MF C4oHsoNO,P C,6Hj40 [C,4H220 C2H4O CHzOlx MW unspecified CN (/ )-A(,A/,Al-trimethyl-10-oxo-7-[( 1 -oxohexadecyl)oxy]-3,5,9-trioxa-4-phosphapentacosan-1 -aminium-4-oxide inner salt, mixt. with formaldehyde polymer with oxirane and 4-(l, 1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol and 1-hexadecanol... 

Heterocyclics 252, 260, 299,416 n-Hexadecanol esters 63 Hexaporphyrin 102 Hexitols 426 Hexobarbital 254,255 Hexoses 161,202 Hexuronic acid 158 Histamine 294,296, 355 Homogentisic acid 166,167 Horizontal chamber 127 Hotplates 93 ff -, temperature distribution 95 Hydrazines 269,284 Hydrazone formation 71 ff -with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine 71, 72, 274... 

N-Heterocyclics la 252 lb 268 Hexachlorocyclohexane lb 227 Hexachlorocyclohexane isomers lb 211 Hexacyanoferrate(II) anions lb 307 Hexacyanoferrate(ni) anions lb 307 n-Hexadecanol esters, alkaline hydrolysis la 63... 

Singer ME, WR Einnerty (1985a) Eatty aldehyde dehydrogenases in Acinetobacter sp. strain HOl-N role in hexadecane and hexadecanol metabolism. / Bacteno/ 164 1011-1016. 

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