Heterotrophic production

Where primary production is the sole source of organic matter for heterotrophic N formation, the maximum ratio of heterotrophic organic N (HON) formation to autotrophic organic N (AON) formation can be calculated from autotrophic production (AP), microbial heterotrophic production (MHP), and the C N ratios of autotrophs (C Naut) and microbial heterotrophs (C N ), such that... 

DOM and associated DOP produced from POM (detrital matter and soil organic matter) are the major components transported from wetlands to adjacent aquatic systems. Within wetlands, DOM and associated DOP can have significant influence on heterotrophic production and nutrient cycling. DOP can be produced and mineralized by the following abiotic processes ... 

Shi XM, Chen F, Yuan JP, et al Heterotrophic production of lutein by selected Chlorella... 

Table 4.2 shows the comparison between photoautotrophic and heterotrophic production of microalgal oils. 

In addition to applications as direct and indirect feeds mentioned above, the heterotrophic production of microalgae can potentially provide a cost-effective source of nutrient components, e.g. marine protein, PUFA or astaxanthin, that can be incorporated into formulated feeds for larval stages and beyond. Harel and Place (2004) provide more detail on the broad applications of heterotrophic production of marine algae for aquaculture. 

HAREL M and PLACE A R (2004) Heterotrophic production of marine algae for aquaculture, in Richmond A eA), Handbook of Microalgal Culture Biotechnology and Applied Phycology. Oxford Blackwell Science, 513-524. 

RUNNING J A, HUSS R J and OLSON p T (1994) Heterotrophic production of ascorbic acid by microalgae. Journal of Applied Phycology, 6, 99-104. 

Reichle, D. E., and D. A. Crossley, Jr. 1967. Investigation on heterotrophic productivity in forest insect conununities. pp. 563-587. In Secondary Productivity of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Vol. 2 (K. Petrusewicz, ed.). Institute of Ecology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw. 

Muller, J., MacEachran, D., Burd, H., Sathitsuksanoh, N. et al. (2013) Engineering of Ralstonia eutropha H16 for autotrophic and heterotrophic production of methyl ketones. Appl Environ. Microbiol, 79, 4433-4439. 

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