HERS study

As the results of Pfundt (1981), Griffith (1987) and Lee et al. (1993) show, students have problems in dealing with the idea of empty spaces between particles. In her studies, Pfundt presented students with different representations of atoms. The students had to choose the one that represented their ideas at best. Numerous students chose representations of cubic or hexagonal atoms, because they fit without gaps between them (Pfundt, 1981, p. 87). Griffith and Preston (1992) could explicitly show that students suppose that the size of a crystal corresponded to the shape of its atoms. Furthermore, they discuss the parallels between this students conception and the corresponding historical idea of Rene Hairy. 

In the cases we discussed above, students revealed their lack of knowledge of the random distribution of particles, which was consistent with much previous research. This study not only revealed the mis-representation of the diffusion of gases, but also showed the inconsistent mental models that the students held while solving the problems. The result provided some evidence in favor of research that attributes students learning in relation to the context while facing various types of questions. However, this result does not support Vosniadou s framework theory (1994), which implies a consistent mental model used by learners in her study. 

The results of both the WHI and HERS studies have contributed decisively to clarifying the difference between atherogenesis itself and the rupture of... 

Holmes concludes, perhaps with as much self-congratulation as contrition, Peace be upon thee, Israel 29 In The Ambivalent Image, her study of Jews in American cultural imagery, Louise Mayo has amassed an invaluable compendium of racial figures of Jewishness across time. Although Mayo s project did not entail... 

Menten soon received international recognition for her study of enzymes. From 1912 to 1913, she worked at Leonor Michaelis lab at the University of Berlin. While conducting experiments on the breakdown of sucrose by the enzyme called invertase, Menten and Michaelis were able to refine the work of Victor Henri to explain how enzymes function. A few years earlier, Henri had proposed that enzymes bind directly to their substrates. Michaelis and Menten obtained the precise measurements that were needed to support Henri s hypothesis. Using the recently developed concept of pH, they were able to buffer their chemical reactions and thereby control the conditions of their experiments more... 

Ute Kothe studied biochemistry in Regensburg, Bochum, and Witten in Germany and completed her studies with a diploma in 2002. For her Ph.D. Ute Kothe worked under the supervision of Marina Rodnina at the Institute of Physical Biochemistry, University of Witten/Herdecke, Germany, where she studied the accuracy of ribosomal protein synthesis. Since 2006, Ute Kothe is an assistant professor of biochemistry at the University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada. 

As an undergraduate at Wellesley College, Martha McClintock noted that her female dormmates tended to synchronize their menstrual cycles over time. When she pointed this out to a group of scientists at a pheromone conference, she was challenged to study the phenomenon scientifically if she wanted to be believed. She took up the challenge, recruited 135 women from her dorm, and collected the data on dates of onset of menstrual cycles. The data strongly supported her informal observations and she wrote up the results of her study as her senior thesis. 

The pharmaceutical physician may conduct his or her studies as an investigator or may be part of a sponsor organisation selecting investigators for a trial. 

LC CC was independently applied to the characterization of oligomers by the group of Evreinov and coworkers in Moscow [170]. Experimental confirmation of characterization of polymer blends and block copolymers were again done in St. Petersburg [166]. Zimina continued her studies also in United Kingdom [172,173]. These researchers are considered founders of LC CC. 

Their joint papers on The numbers of ions produced by alpha rays of radium C in air were published in the Comptes rendus in 1928. In the following year they investigated the nature of the absorbable radiation which accompanies the alpha-rays from polonium. In 1930 M. Joliot presented his thesis for the doctorate, which was entitled The electrochemistry of the radio-elements, and Mme. Joliot continued her study of polonium (123). 

Judith Huggan carried out her B.Sc. studies at the University of Paisley under the supervision of Dr. Graham Patrick and was awarded her B.Sc. (Hons.) degree (U Class) in medicinal chemistry. She then moved to the University of Strathclyde to undertake PhD research with Professor C. J. Suckling and Dr. C. L. Gibson in the area of pteridine chemistry. Upon completion of her studies she undertook postdoctoral research in the department, designing and synthesizing novel compounds for the potential treatment of inflammatory diseases. 

The use of color by prehistoric peoples was also addressed in Willoughby s discussion of textiles found at the Mississippian temple mound sites of Etowah, Georgia and Spiro, Oklahoma (colored textiles. Kuttruff proposed that the complexity of these textiles including the colored patterning and design motifs is indicative of sophisticated artisanship and status differences that were expressed through clothing (73), but her study did not involve the identification of colorant types. Saltzman (14) identified madder as the dye plant that had been used to color some of the Spiro textiles. 

Ylikorkala O. Balancing between observational studies and randomized trials in prevention of coronary heart disease by estrogen replacement HERS study was no revolution. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2000 79(12) 1029-36. 

Tyramine has appeared to be ordinarily quite rapidly inactivated in the body, possibly by the amine oxidase mechanism that is active on aliphatic and phenylaliphatic amines. However, this should perhaps be reinvestigated in relation to hypertension in man, for Bain (3) apparently found some isoamylamine in the urine in man, and although Lockett (9) was not able to find this compound in her studies, there are indications of some unknown variables being involved. Lockett did find pressor bases in urine that were more active than isoamylamine and on further study a close correspondence between one of the bases and nicotine was established. However, her preparations of male urine which included some tobacco smokers corresponded to but 50 to 70 micrograms of nicotine per liter in physiological pressor activity and those of female nonsmokers urine, to but 17 micrograms of nicotine per liter. 

The formation of pyrazines in foods has been reviewed extensively by Mega and Sizer (50). Temperature and pH are very important factors in the formation of specific pyrazines. Forty-two pyrazines have been identified in meat from various sources by these authors. MacLeod and Seyyedain-Ardebili (20) listed 49 pyrazines found in beef by various investigators. Ching (19) identified 28 pyrazines in her studies of sugar-amine reactions simulating beef flavor. 

In her study, Hunt, a geneticist at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, detected a chromosomal error in cell division known as an-euploidy. Other research linked aneuploidy to spontaneous miscarriages and birth defects in humans. It s no surprise that plastics councils here and abroad have disputed Hunt s findings, especially on how they apply to human reproduction or development. 

Leslie s mother was not going to be deterred by a technicality. If Ritalin can help Leslie in her studies, she asked, what is wrong with taking it ... 

Last spring, I missed a few of the best gardening days to visit the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C. There, Dr. Barbara Schaal spoke about her studies with rice weeds. In collaboration with colleagues in Chiang Mai, Thailand, Schaal s research team found that a wild rice species can cross-hybridize with domesticated non-GE rice at a low frequency resulting in a hybrid variety of rice (Schaal 2007). The hybrids do not thrive in the wild because the wild rice species is better adapted and therefore quickly dominate the hybrids. For Thai farmers, however, the hybrids create a weedy nuisance. The weeds are hard to remove because the seeds shatter and build up in the soil leading to more weeds the next season. Yields of the rice crop decline proportionately with the increase in weeds. 

Other notable research by Elion led to the development of the antiviral drug Acyclovir (acycloguanosine), which has been used to treat the herpes simplex viruses. Her studies during the 1970s showed that Acyclovir inhibited viral replication by interfering with viral DNA synthesis. The sub-... 

There are few published reports of experiments on the Zeeman effect in nitrogen quadrupole resonance. In her study of p-bromoaniline, Minematsu 41) showed that the Ox and Oy axes of the electric field gradient tensor lie in the molecule plane, with Oy being directed along the molecule axis of symmetry and Ox perpendicular to it. 

The inflammatory nature of this pamphlet and the concern of the local residents was further exacerbated by a "study" by Dr. Beverly Paigen, of Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) in February 1979, urging the evacuation of families in light of her study suggesting a high rate of birth defects. 

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