Hepatocyte-specific liver

Non-Iodinated Hepatocyte-Specific Liver Contrast Agents. . . .. 194... 

Fig. 10. Lipophilic compounds evaluated as hepatocyte-specific liver contrast agents [67]...

Non-lodinated Hepatocyte-Specific Liver Contrast Agents... 

HBV-based vectors efficiently target quiescent hepatocytes and HBV-specific promoter and enhancer elements allow hepatocyte specific gene expression (Protzer et al. 1999). In addition, a very favorable ratio of infectious to defective particles renders HBV-based vectors good candidates for liver-directed gene transfer. Improved HBV vectors, in which HBV gene expression was abolished (Untergasser and Protzer 2004), were used in chimpanzees to treat chronic HCV infection and did not show any toxicity (Shin et al. 2005). 

Once specific liver uptake is established, the intrahepatic distribution needs to be addressed. The importance of this issue is exemplified by the apparently high uptake of untargeted Dexa by the liver. Dexa itself was taken up exclusively by the hepatocytes, whereas targeted Dexa was taken up by SECs and KCs [152], the target cells for anti-inflammatory therapy. 

Sundin A, Ahlstrom H, Graf W, Magnusson A (1994) Computed tomography of experimental liver metastases using an iodinated hepatocyte-specific lipid emulsion a correlative study in the nude rat. Invest Radiol 29 963... 

Olinga P, Merema M, Hof IH et al. (1998) Effect of human liver source on the functionality of isolated hepatocytes and liver slices. Drug Metab Dispos 26 5-11 Ruegg CE, Gandolfi AJ, Nagle RB et al. (1987) Preparation of positional renal slices for study cell specific toxicity. J Pharmacol Meth 17 111-123... 

J. O Grady, and H. Sinzinger, Liver function in acute viral hepatitis as determined by a hepatocyte-specific ligand Tc-galactosyl-neoglycoalbumin, Hepatology 15 593-598 (1992). 

Minervini MI, Demetris AJ, Lee RG, et al. Utilization of hepatocyte-specific antibody in the immunocytochemical evaluation of liver tumors. Mod Pathol. 1997 10 686-692. 

Hepatobiliary Tc radiopharmaceuticals are expected to demonstrate a highly specific liver uptake and biliary excretion. Other organs such as the kidneys should not interfere with the imaging of the liver and the biliary tract. The agents should show a rapid hepatocyte transit, clearing the radioactivity in the hepatocytes quickly into the... 

The remnants are taken up by hepatocytes. Specific receptors on the hepatocyte membrane bind to one of the particular apoproteins, apoB-48, in the remnants. The whole receptor-remnant complex enters the cell by endocytosis. Through fusion with lysosomes, the remnants are digested, liberating fatty acids and cholesterol ester into the cytoplasm. It can be seen that this is the way dietary cholesterol eventually reaches the liver. 

Holloway MG, Cui Y, Laz EV, Hosui A, Hennighausen L, Waxman DJ (2007) Loss of sexually dimorphic liver gene expression upon hepatocyte-specific... 

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