Heparin sulfate proteoglycan

Heparin sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are heavily glycosylated proteins that are part of the extracellular matrix. Interaction with HSPGs help to stabilize and localize extracellular Wnts. 

Heparin Sulfate Proteoglycans Hepatic Lipase Hepatitis Hepatitis C Heptahelical Domain Heptahelical Receptors HERG-channels Heterologous Desensitization Heterologous Expression System Heterotrimeric G-Proteins Hidden Markov Model High-density Lipoprotein (HDL)... 

The syndecan family of heparin sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) plays critical roles in several signal transduction pathways, and syndecan 3 intramembrane proteolysis is presenilin/y-secretase dependent (357). COX2 and COXl potentiate ABP formation through mechanisms that involve y-secretase activity. Sulindac sulfide and other NSAIDs (ibuprofen, indomethacin, R-flurbiprofen) selectively decrease the secretion of ABP independently of COX activity, probably via y-secretase inhibition (358-360). Pepstatin A methylester, sulfonamides, and benzodiazepines can also act as potent, noncompetitive, y-secretase inhibitors (335). These are but a few examples of the potential repercussions and biochemical consequences that the pharmacological manipulation of secretases in AD may bring about. 

S100A8/S100A9 seem to bind and activate various surface receptors such as heparin sulfate proteoglycans (Srikrishna et al., 2001), CD36 (Kerkhoff et al., 2001), and RAGE (Hermani et al., 2006). 

Marty C, Meylan C, Schott H, Balkner-Hofer K, Schwendener RA (2004) Enhanced heparin sulfate proteoglycan-mediated uptake of cell-penetrating peptide-modified liposomes. Cell Mol Life Sci 61 1785-1794... 

The regeneration of normal filament structure of restored tissues was observed by immunohistochemical methods after PHB devices implantation [66]. The immunohistochemical demonstration of cytokeratine, an intermediate filament, which is a constituent of epithelial and mesodermal cells, agreed with observations on intact mesothelium. Heparin sulfate proteoglycan, a marker of basement membrane, was also identified [66]. However, in spite of good tissue reaction to implantation of cardiovascular PHB patches, PHB endovascular stents in the rabbit iliac arteria caused intensive inflammatory vascular reactions [80]. 

It is known that when hepatocytes are freshly isolated and cultured under conventional conditions on plastic or collagen coated dishes, gene transcription is drastically depressed and liver specific mRNA declines while the mRNA of structure related genes increases many fold. By contrast, hepatocyte culture on extracellular matrix (ECM), rich in laminin, type IV collagen, and heparin sulfate proteoglycan exhibits increased longevity and maintenance of several liver-specific functions. 

In the PNS, the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is an interface between neurons and the muscle end plate responsible for initiating muscle contraction. Studies have found that NMJs are embedded in basal lamina, which is composed of laminin, heparin sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), CSPGs (ie, versican, brevican, neurocan), and collagen IV, the most abundant ECM molecule at the NMJ synapse (Barros et al., 2011 Patton, 2003). 

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