Hemichordata

Holland, P.W., A.M. Hacker, and N.A. Williams, A molecular analysis of the phylogenetic affinities of Saccoglossus cambrensis Brambell Cole (Hemichordata). Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 1991. 332(1264) 185-9. 

Bromophenols represent an enormous class of marine natural products, particularly from acorn worms of families Polychaete and Hemichordata. These sediment dwelling animals can live anywhere from the intertidal zone to a depth of 1,400 m (2542, 2543). Thus, one function of 2,4,6-tribromophenol produced by the deep-sea... 

The Hemichordata are a phylum of lower deuterostomes and, therefore, are more closely related to echinoderms and chordates than to annelids. They are discussed here because they are separate lineages that have evolved distinctive metabolites and also because of their feeding mechanisms. Very little work has been done on their natural products, however. 

Pettit et al. (24), working on the marine worm Cephalodiscus gilchristi (order Cephalodisicida, phyla Hemichordata, class Pterobranchia) collected from the Indian Ocean off Southeast Africa, have isolated a number of bioactive bis-steroidal pyrazine alkaloids, the cephalostatins 1-15 (11-25). 

The biogenesis of the eastern hemisphere of the molecule is derivable from a 12-hydroxy-A14-steroid skeleton as shown in Scheme 7. The isolation of closely related dimeric alkaloids from two different phyla (Hemichordata... 

BIOACTIVE METABOLITES FROM SOUTHERN AFRICAN MARINE WORMS (PHYLUM HEMICHORDATA)... 

Hemichordata is a sister group of echinoderms. Hemichordates are wormshaped marine animals. They take in alkaloids by feeding and some endogenous alkaloids probably exist, also they have not been profoundly studied chemically. 

MELTING point 51-52°C SPECTRAL data UV, PMR, Mass Spec organism Balanoglossus biminiensis (Chordata/ Hemichordata) and Phoronopsis viridis Hilton (Phoronidea) reference 24, 380... 

Wormlike Organisms 2. Chaetognatha and Hemichordata (Enteropneusta and Pterobranchia)... 

The two phyla of Chaetognatha and Hemichordata indude only strictly marine animals but contain few species -about 50 for Chaetognatha and 100 for Hemichordata. The chemistry of the Chaetognatha is still virtually nonexistent, but that of the Hemichordata encompasses a large group of antitumor substances, the cephalostatins. 

The chemistry of Hemichordata is currently limited to the qrtinonic and indobc derivatives foimd in the enteropneusts, which are afl halogenated, and a very important group of derivatives with anti-tumor activity, the... 

The term Stomochordata has been used and is even recommended (Tetry, 1972), but seems to have been abandoned in favor of Hemichordata or Hemicordata (Lecointre and Le Guyader, 2006. 

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