Heat stroke

The body temperature limits for health in terms of internal or core temperature are fairly limited. The limits are basically related to the function of nervous tissue. Body temperatures around 28 °C or less can result in cardiac fibrillation and arrest. Temperatures of 43 °C and greater can result in heat stroke, brain damage, and death. Often, too high a temperature causes irreversible shape changes to the protein molecules of nervous tissue. That is, cooling overheated tissue to normal temperatures may not restore its original function. 

Heat stroke A serious acute condition caused by the elevation of the body temperature above the danger level. Symptoms can include redness of the face, reduced sweating, erratic behavior, confusion, dizziness, collapse, or unconsciousness. 

A. There is a danger of heat prostration or heat stroke when taking phenazopyridine in a hot climate ... 

Extracorporeal circulation Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Fat embolism Heat stroke... 

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, spotted fevers, typhus, malaria, hepatitis, Colorado tick fever, septicemia, heat stroke, disseminated intravascular coagulation, leptospirosis, hemolytic uremic syndrome. 

In temperature extremes, patients taking antipsychotics may experience their body temperature adjusting to ambient temperature (poikilother-mia). Hyperpyrexia can lead to heat stroke. Hypothermia is also a risk, particularly in elderly patients. These problems are more common with the use of low-potency FGAs. 

The human body can tolerate only a small range of temperature, especially when the person is engaged in vigorous activity. Heat reactions usually occur when large amounts of water and/or salt are lost through excessive sweating following strenuous exercise. When the body becomes overheated and cannot eliminate this excess heat, heat exhaustion and heat stroke are possible. 

Heat stroke is much more serious it is an immediate life-threatening situation. The characteristics of heat stroke are a high body temperature (which may reach 106° F or more) a rapid pulse hot, dry skin and a blocked sweating mechanism. Victims of this condition may be unconscious, and first-aid measures should be directed at quickly cooling the body. The victim should be placed in a tub of cold water or repeatedly sponged with cool water until his or her temperature is sufficiently lowered. Fans or air conditioners will also help with the cooling process. Care should be taken, however, not to over-chill the victim once the temperature is below 102° F. 

The most immediate concern of a person tending to a victim of heat stroke should be to... 

Heat stroke is more serious than heat exhaustion because heat stroke victims... 

Choices a and c are symptoms of heat stroke. Choice d is not mentioned. 

Heat stroke victims have a blocked sweating mechanism, as stated in the third paragraph. This information is given in the second paragraph If the victim still suffers from the symptoms listed in the first sentence of the paragraph, the victim needs more water and salt to help with the inadequate intake of water and the loss of fluids that caused those symptoms. 

Heat prostration When administered in the presence of high environmental temperature, heat prostration (fever and heat stroke) may occur because of decreased sweating. 

Oligohydrosis and hyperthermia in children Oligohydrosis, sometimes resulting in heat stroke and hospitalization, is associated with zonisamide in children. 

Decreased sweating and elevated body temperature characterized these cases. Many cases were reported after exposure to elevated environmental temperatures. Heat stroke, requiring hospitalization, was diagnosed in some cases. There have been no reported deaths. 

Heat prostration Heat prostration can occur with anticholinergic drug use (fever and heat stroke caused by decreased sweating) in the presence of a high environmental temperature. 

Heat illness is traditionally divided into heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Heat exhaustion is the condition in which the casualty collapses from hypo-volaemia due to salt and water depletion. This is probably compounded by physiological cutaneous vasodilatation, which causes shifts in blood volume from the core of the body to the skin. People who are unacclimatised to the environment are more likely to suffer heat exhaustion, especially if there is a lack of access to water. Where a person replenishes fluid losses from sweating with water alone, salt depletion predominates and this can cause insidious symptoms of exhaustion before the final collapse. 

Heat stroke is the state in which heat stress induces a dangerously high core temperature that leads to tissue damage and particularly cerebral disturbance. The core temperature usually exceeds 40°C. The condition may follow heat exhaustion but the temperature rise may occur before salt or water depletion have had time to become manifest. Many organ systems may be affected by acute heat stroke including the brain, kidney, liver and muscles. Disturbance of the hypothalamic heat regulatory centre can lead to a loss of physiological responses to the... 

Ventilation. When plant equipment is located outdoors, there usually is litde need for mechanical ventilation. Many operations must be done indoors, however, and it may be necessary to remove toxic or flammable gases or vapors or process-generated atmospheric heat (53,59). Ventilation and heat-stress standards are intended to avoid hazards associated with high body temperature, heat exhaustion, heat stroke, or discomfort in processes generating high ambient temperatures, eg, glass and steel manufacturing. 

Exertional heat stroke (EHS), a severe form of heat illness, occurs during exercise in the heat. Patients with the RyRl mutations associated with MH may be more susceptible to exertional heat stroke and, conversely, patients who have had EH episodes may be more susceptible to an MH response (Sei 1999 Wappler 2001 Davis and Pollock 2002). The two disorders appear to have many common features... 

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