Heat dump

One concept which evolved out of these field trials was a truck with a heated dump body. The bodies are totally enclosed, propane heated with double-walled steel or aluminum shells. These trucks are utilized to keep the temperature of the mix between 265 and 300°F during hauling. 

Inc. of Tonawanda, New York which eliminates the need for heated dump bodies [.21]. Although most of the developments in SAS technology in Canada emanated from Shell, feasibility studies involving THERMOPAVE utilization have been under evaluation in a joint Shell/SUDIC program since 1974 [4]. 

The need for heated dump bodied trucks (see Figure 6 [28] ) represents an unpopular investment which detracts from the general acceptance of SAS construction. More recent developments in which the mixes are prepared at the paver [21] eliminate the need for these trucks. 

Figure 6. Heated dump body truck developed by Shell Canada, Ltd. used for hauling sand-asphalt-sulfur paving mixtures. [Photographed at the Kenedy County Texas field trials in 1977 (28)].

In nuclear propulsion, any thermodynamic device, such as a radiator or condenser, that is designed to absorb the excess heat energy of the working fluid. Also called heat dump. 

The Salvatore s heat dump panels and sensor clusters began to retract down into their jump recesses, taking a long while to do so. Several times they seemed to stick or judder. The second ship in the formation began to configure itself for a jump, then the third. 

Azimuthal heater rod conduction is important for boron nitride insulated rods, which are typically used in out-of-pile sodium tests. Regime maps which give access to the operating regime treatment have been developed [165]. A stress analysis of inertial heat dumps made of a-BN for a nuclear fusion device has been performed [166]. 

Further development of the UNITHERM layout was defined by the decision not to employ operating personnel for reactor control. A sudden reduction or even cessation of heat transfer to the user should not cause shutdown of the reactor and overshooting of the system parameters. Such situation can be mitigated through the heat exchanger- evaporator in the continuously operated independent circuit for heat dump, which is added to the intermediate circuit. In addition to the evaporator, the circuit consists of the radiator (7) connected to the evaporator and cooled by atmospheric air under natural circulation, see Fig. II-1 and II-2. The independent circuit for heat dump allows transfer of the reactor to a hot standby mode without the need for shutdown. In emergency situations the circuit acts as the decay heat removal system. 

Secondary (the circuit for steam users) Independent circuit for heat dump... 

So now that we have all the reagents out of the way let s see how the reaction proceeds. There s the clear- yellow "safrole" sitting in the bottom if the flask and the clear saturated KOH solution is dumped in. The solution is heated to reflux etc. and yes, some brown byproducts and destruction artifacts will appear. Especially if the safrole is not pure. These byproducts should be expected to some extent because concentrated basic (OH) solutions can be as nasty as concentrated acidic solutions. One is mindful that KOH is less intrusive towards the delicate methylenedioxy ring structure of the safrole/isosafrole molecule. 

Like many other combustible Hquids, self-heating of ethyleneamines may occur by slow oxidation in absorbent or high-surface-area media, eg, dumped filter cake, thermal insulation, spill absorbents, and metal wine mesh (such as that used in vapor mist eliminators). In some cases, this may lead to spontaneous combustion either smoldering or a flame may be observed. These media should be washed with water to remove the ethyleneamines, or thoroughly wet prior to disposal in accordance with local and Eederal regulations. 

When MEA is used in the presence of COS and CS2, they react to form heat-stable salts. Therefore, MEA systems usually include a reclaimer, The reclaimer is a kettle-type reboiler operating on a small side stream of lean solution. The temperature in the reclaimer is maintained such that the water and MEA boil to the overhead and are piped back to the stripper. The heat-stable salts remain in the reclaimer until the reclaimer is full. Then the reclaimer is shut-in and dumped to a waste disposal. Thus, the impurities are removed but the MEA bonded to the salts is also lost. 

As with the electrical load profile, it is also necessary to analyze the heat load over the daily and annual cycles. Ideally, the heat load will match the available heat from the electrical generator (however, this is rarely the case). There will be periods when supplementary output will be necessary which can be achieved by, say, supplementary firing the waste heat gases of a gas turbine, or heat output reduction is necessary by the introduction of bypass stacks. For a steam turbine installation bypass pressure-reducing valves will be necessary to supplement steam output, while a dump condenser may be needed at low-process steam demands. The nature of the electrical and heat load will obviously have significant influence in the development of the scheme and scope of equipment. 

The electrical and heat analysis, as discussed in Section 15.3, will show the relationship between power and heat and how this varies over time. It may be necessary to use steam bypass and stations or dump condenser, as discussed in Section 15.2. The uses of dump condensers for meeting part-load requirement is inefficient and should be avoided. It is more acceptable to reduce turbine power output accordingly and import or top-up from an alternative supply. 

In small boiler systems, the use of CR system strainers and high-temperature-resistant bag filters are highly recommended to prevent this corrosion debris from entering the FW system. In larger plants, condensate polishers or electromagnetic separators may be employed. Condensate dumping may even take place, although this is a wasteful and expensive process because both water and heat are lost. 

Where condensate is severely contaminated due to excessive iron content, high pH levels, or alkalinity, carryover, or process intermediaries, it is common practice to consider dumping the condensate. This obviously is not a particularly sensitive course of action in an era of high-profile environmental issues and is additionally expensive because of disposal costs and the loss of valuable heat content. 

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