Health effects carbohydrate metabolism

Verma. S.R., Ramesh Chand, P., 1986. Toxicity effects of mercuric chloride on a few enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism of Notopterus notopterus. Ind. J. Environ. Health 28, 1-7. 

Metabolic processes affected by dietary pectin have been recognized for more than 2 decades. Effects of dietary pectin on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism are important and beneficial to our health. 

The tests that are routinely performed provide information concerning hepatocellular and biliary integrity and function, renal function, carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism, and mineral and electrolyte balance. Modern analytical techniques require only small sample volumes to make accurate determinations, allowing in-life evaluations of effects in rats and larger species at multiple times during the course of a study without compromising animal health. 

Although fermentation of fiber tends to reduce its effectiveness as a source of fecal bulk, it has other very important benefits. The absorption and metabolism of short-chain fatty acids derived from carbohydrate fermentation provides the route for the recovery of energy from undigested polysaccharides. Butyrate functions as the preferred source of energy for the colonic mucosal cells, whilst propionate and acetate are absorbed and metabolized systemically. There continues to be much debate about the importance of butyrate for the colon. In vitro, butyrate causes differentiation of tumor cells, suppresses cell division, and induces programed cell death (apoptosis). These effects are thought likely to suppress the development of cancer, but it is not yet entirely clear whether they also occur in the intact intestine. Research continues on the importance of butyrate and other short-chain fatty acids for human health. 

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