HC1 treating

N,A,A, A -TetramethyI-l,4-phenyIenediamine dihydrochloride [637-01-4] M 237.2, m 222-224°. Crystd from isopropyl or n-butyl alcohols, satd with HC1. Treated with aq NaOH to give the free base which was filtered, dried and sublimed in a vacuum. [Guarr et al. JACS 107 5104 1985]. 

HC1 Treating. The 1000°F— distillate fractions of the filtered liquid products from Experiments 3, 4, and 6 in Table V, upon saturation at ambient temperature and pressure with dry HC1 gas, formed small amounts of dense, black liquid precipitates in each case (Table VII). A selective precipitation of nitrogen compounds took place as evidenced by the reduced nitrogen content in the raffinate phases and the increased nitrogen levels in the HC1 extract phases. Of the nitrogen originally present in the distillate samples, the bulk remained in the raffinates, while minor proportions appeared in the extract phases and as water-soluble material. The possibility that solubility of the amine hydrochloride in the... 

That the combination of dilution with hexane and HC1 treating is more effective than dilution with hexane alone for precipitating nitrogen compounds in the product of hydroliquefaction is seen in Experiment 3, from the nitrogen analyses and yields of Schemes B and C extracts in Table VIII. In this experiment under conditions of relatively short contact time, the yield of extract in Scheme B products is close to that of the coal charged, indicating that essentially all of the liquefied coal is asphal-... 

Fio. 2. Reduction properties of nickel oxide on alumina catalysts 1, lONaA-ppt. 2, 14NA mixing 3, 3NA-impregnation 4, 22NA-HC1 treat. 6, llNA-coppt. 

The HC1 extraction preferentially separated carbonate minerals from the remaining mineral matter matrix. As Table III indicates for the 184 L/t oil shale, approximately 99% of the Ca and approximately 96% of the Mg were removed as expected. The bitumen- and carbonate-free fraction is also found to contain about 28% less A1 which is probably associated with other mineral matter (e.g., albite and analcime) partially soluble in HC1. (The rather large decrease in the Fe concentration from 3.7 wt% in the benzene/methanol treated oil shale to 1.2 wt% for the HC1 treated shale is due to mechanical magnetic separation discussed in the experimental section and dissolution by HC1 of minerals such as ankerite and siderite.) The HC1 extraction resulted in a weight loss of 28.6 wt%. It is determined that at least 0.45 and 0.38 wt% of the total organics in the 104 and 184 L/t dried oil shale, respectively, are recoverable in the HCl/ether extracts and, thus, are intimately associated with carbonate minerals. In addition, the results of the second benzene/ methanol Soxhlet extraction indicate that 3.40 and 3.65 wt% of the total organics which are bitumen in these two samples are released when the carbonate minerals are removed from the shale. 

A suspension of 5-nitro-isatoxime in alcohol-coned. HC1 treated with Sn, and, towards the end of the reaction, heated until dissolved 3,5-diamino-oxindole dihydrochloride (startg. m. f. 190). Y 90%. (E. Giovannini and P. Portmann, Helv. 31,1381 (1948).)... 

A soln. of 1-cyclohexanolacetic acid hydrazide in dil. HC1 treated with a slight excess of NaN02 at 10-15, and the azide so obtained decomposed by slowly warming to 45 with rapid stirring -> l-oxa-3-azaspiro-[4,5]decan-2-one. Y 82%. (M. S. Newman, Am. Soc. 71, 378 (1949).)... 

Electrophilic addition of HX to alkenes is successful not only with HBr but with HC1 and HI as well. Note that HI is usually generated in the reaction mixture by treating potassium iodide with phosphoric acid. 

The most generally useful method for preparing alkyl halides is to make them from alcohols, which themselves can be obtained from carbonyl compounds, as we ll see in Sections 17.4 and 17.5. Because of the importance of the process, many different methods have been developed to transform alcohols into alkyl halides. The simplest method is to treat the alcohol with HC1, HBr, or HI. For rea-... 

The reaction of HX with a tertiary alcohol is so rapid that it s often carried out simply by bubbling the pure HC1 or HBr gas into a cold ether solution of the alcohol. 1-Methylcyclohexanol, for example, is converted into l-chloro-1-methylcyclohexane by treating with HC1. 

The reduction of K2TaF7 can also be performed using sodium vapors [584]. This process is conducted at an Na pressure as low as 0.1 torr, which enables the removal of interferring gases such as N, O and H20. The interaction begins at 350°C. The temperature further increases up to 800°C to prevent the condensation of sodium and the formation of colloidal tantalum powder. The product of the interaction is removed from the reactor after cooling and treated with boiled HC1 and HF solutions. The method enables the production of coarse grain tantalum powder with 99.5% purity. 

A solution of 10-(piperazin-l-yl)-10,ll-dihydrodibenzo[6,/]thiepin (2.5 g, 8.4 mmol) in 100% formic acid (20 mL) was refluxed at 150 C for 6 h. The excess acid was removed by distillation at reduced pressure and the residue was treated with 10% aq NH3 (20mL), extracted with benzene (50mL) and the benzene solution was washed with dil HC1 and evaporated to dryness to give a neutral residue yield 1.8 g (98 %) mp 88 C (EtOH) (Note benzene should be replaced by organic solvents with lower toxicity). 

Method A To a suspension of ethyl 3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetimidate hydrochloride (3 g, 11.6 mmol) in DMF. (12mL) at 75 C was added aminoacctaldehydc dimethyl acetal (1.21 g, 11.6 mmol). The mixture was allowed to warm to rt and then stirred for 12 h. HOAc (12 mL) was added to the mixture and the resulting suspension was saturated with anhyd HC1. The saturated solution w as heated at 50 C for 4 h, then cooled and the mixture filtered to give the product as the hydrochloride salt yield 2.3 g (78%) mp 280-281 C. The free base (mp 171 — 174, C) was liberated by treating the hvdrochloride with 25% aq NaOH. 

A dibenzoxazepinonc 10 was heated under reflux for 5 h with 8 times its weight of POCl3 and one third of its weight of, V ty-dimethylaniline. The resulting solution was evaporated in vacuo and the last traces of POCl3 were removed by distillation with toluene. The residue was treated with ice-water and Et,0 was added. The ethereal extract was washed with dil HC1, dried and evaporated and the residue was recrystallized (Et20/petroleum ether). 

A solution of A-(2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-3-pyridyl)salicylamide (0.42 g, 1.52 mmol) in tetraethyleneglycol dimethyl ether (4 mL) was treated with NaOMe (0.123 g, 2.28 mmol) and the stirred mixture was heated at 220 JC for 3 h. It was cooled to 20 C, diluted with H20 (25 mL) and neutralized with 1 M HC1, when the product separated. An additional amount was obtained by extracting the filtrate with Et20 total yield 0.193g (53%) mp 242-244.5 C (aq EtOH). 

A solution of dihydropyrazole 4b (10 g, 34.5 mmol) in MeOH (200 mL) and THF (50 mL) was cooled to 0 C and treated with methanolic KOH (3 mL, 3 mmol). After 4 h, coned HC1 was added to pH 7 and the mixture was stirred until evolution of N2 ceased (1 h). The solvents were removed under reduced pressure to leave a syrup, which was heated with Et20 (200 mL). The Et20 extract left a solid, which was again extracted with hot Et20. The combined Et,0 extracts were evaporated to leave 5b yield 7.1 g (79%) mp 195 — 198 C (EtOH) orange crystals. 

An ice-cold solution of diazepinone 5a (1.76 g, 8.8 mmol) in 10% aq K.OH (10 mL, 18 mmol) was treated dropwisc with a solution of dimethyl sulfate (1.4 mL, 11.2 mmol) in MeOH (2mL), whereupon a red solid was precipitated. H20 (10mL) was added and the solid was filtered off, washed with 10% aq MeOH and suspended in MeOH (10 mL). 2M HC1 (15 mL) was added slowly, whereupon the solid dissolved and presently orange crystals of l,5-dimethyl-4-phenyl-l//-1,2-diazepin-6(7//)-one (12) appeared. H20 (10mL) was added and the product was collected yield 0.74g (39%) mp 71-72 C. The filtrate was made alkaline by slowly adding 40% K.OH, whereupon the betaine 13 separated yield 0.76 g (41 %) red plates mp 90-91 C (Et20). 

The pyridinium salt 3 (0.427 g, 1.81 mmol) in H20 (1 L) was irradiated for 40 min with a high-pressure Hg lamp. The resulting solution was treated with 2M HC1 to pH 1 and then extracted with CHd3 under Nj. The extract was dried (MgS04) and evaporated in vacuo and the residue was chromatographed (silica gel) yield 0.157g (63%) mp 35-39 C. 

The bis(imino-A5-phosphane) 4 (0.508 g, 0.7 mmol) in CH2C12 (25 mL) was slowly treated with an aroyl chloride (0.7 mmol) and Et3N (0.07 g, 0.7 mmol) and the mixture was stirred at 20 C for 7 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo, benzene (15mL) was added, the precipitated Et3N HC1 was filtered off and the filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure. Chromatography of the residue (silica gel, EtOAc/hexane 1 2) gave the red product, which was recrystallized (EtOH). 

A mixture of the dibenzodiazepinone 13 (R1 = H 7.0 g, 33 mmol), NaNH2 (1.04 g, 26.7 mmol) and dioxane (200 mL) was refluxed for 1 h, cooled to 60 C and 3-chloro-/V,/V-dimethylpropylamine (3.06 g. 25.2 mmol) in dioxane (40 mL) was added over 30 min. The mixture was boiled under reflux for 4 h, cooled and treated with McOH (10 mL). The filtered solution was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was extracted with cold dil HC1. The filtered extract was made alkaline with aq NH3 and extracted with Et20. The dried extract was evaporated to yield the product mp 116-119 C (EtOH/Et20). 

A stirred solution of a diester 7 (50mmol) in 95% EtOH (160mL) was treated with ice-cold 30% aq NaOH (16 mL. 120 mmol) over 15 min and the mixture was stirred at 10-15 C for a further 15 min. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure at 20 C. the residue was dissolved in H20 and the solution was acidified with coned HC1. The resulting yellow precipitate, the acid 8, was collected, washed with H20 and purified by dissolving in 10% aq NaHCOj and rcprccipitating with coned HC1. 

A mixture of 3-phenoxyphthalonitrile (3 220 mg, 1.7 mmol), urea (180 mg, 3.0 mmol), Zn(OAc)2 (60 mg, 0.33 mmol), Na2S04 (280 mg, 2 mmol), and a catalytic amount of (NH4)2Mo04 was kept for 1 h at 160-170 C and 0.5 h at 180-190 C. After cooling, the solid formed was extracted with CHClj, the solvent evaporated, and the residue treated with coned HC1. The product was dissolved in acetone and then precipitated with dil NH3. The precipitate was washed with H20 andMeOH, and dried yield 60 mg (25%). 

To a solution of sodium 3-methylbut-l-oxide [prepared from Na (0.04 g) and 3-methylbutan-l-ol (1.7 rnL) at 100 C], 3-phenoxyphthalonilrile (3, R = PhO 0.44 g, 2 mmol) was added. The mixture was refluxed for 2 h and then cooled. The precipitate formed was filtered, washed with 3-methylbutan-l-ol and ElOH until the filtrate was colorless, and treated on the filter with coned HC1. The hydrochloride obtained was dissolved in acetone and the solution was treated with dil NH4OH yield 0.16 g (36%). 

To the solution of (4S,5S, 5 S,)-5-(2-alkenylarnino)- or (4S,5S ,5 S )-5-(2-alkynylamino)-2,2,-dimethyl-4-phenyl-1.3-dioxane 9 obtained above in 30 raL of Et20 are added dropwise 30 mL of3N HC1 at 0 CC. Then the mixture is allowed to warm to r.t. over 12 h. The resulting precipitate is rccrystallizcd from CH2C12/Et20 (1 1) and treated with 2.5 N NaOH to provide the amino diol 10 which is extracted with 300 mL of Et,0 yield 81 87%. 

Triazido-mesitylene (2,4,6-Triazido-1,3,5-trimethyl benzene), C9H9N9, mw 243.27, N 51.83%, needles from petr eth mp 50°. Can be prepd by treating 2,4,6-triamino mesitylene in HC1 with 6 moles of Na nitrite in dil HC1 in the presence of NaN3 at —5° (Ref 2). Turns brown in light. Decompn in coned sulfuric acid with N2 evolution Refs 1) Beil 5, [317] 2) G.T. Morgan G.R. 

Preparation. A continuous process is described in Ref 26 for its prepn from nitric acid and acetylene. Other prepns on both lab and industrial scales are by the action on Tetranitro-methane (TeNMe) of K hydroxide in aq glycerol (Ref 16), aq HOCHjSOaNa, or 30% aq H peroxide (Ref 19a) to give the K salt which is treated with sulfuric acid (Ref 16), syrupy phosphoric acid (Ref 20), or best by passing gaseous HC1 thru a suspension of the K salt in anhyd eth (Ref 19a). It has also been prepd by the action of nitric acid on malonamide,... 

Redox (reduction-oxidation) titrimetry is used primarily for nitrate detns. Five systems are in current use ferrous sulfate—dichromate, io dome trie, periodic acid oxidation (NaOH titrant), K permanganate, and titanous chloride-ferric ammonium sulfate. The ferrous sulfate— dichromate system is used for MNT DNT detns (Vol 2, C162-Lff Vol 6, F17-Rff Ref 17). In the iodometric procedure, the sample (ie, NG) is treated in a C02 atm with a satd soln of Mn chloride in coned HC1, the vol reaction products are bubbled thru a K iodide soln, and the liberated iodine is titrated with standard thiosulfate soln (Refs 1 17). The periodic... 

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