Hazardous substances safe working practices with

Students, workers, supervisors, managers, and administration should comply with the chemical safety management group/team. This is applicable to laboratories, university departments, factories, and industrial units where exposure to chemical substances is likely and precautions are necessary. People should be fully informed of the hazards involved and trained in appropriate safe working practices, globally harmonized system (GHS) for classification and labeling of chemicals, and first-aid measures. 

There are many ways to work with chemicals that can both reduce the probability of an accident to a negligible level and reduce the consequences to minimum levels should an accident occur. At XYZ, risk minimization depends on elimination of hazardous substances, engineering controls for chemical containment, safe work practices, the use of the least quantity of material necessary, the substitution of a less hazardous chemical for the more hazardous one, and, as a last resort, the proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE). 

Occupational workers frequently use, store, and dispose of toxic chemicals without knowing the possible consequences, both for the workplace and the environment. Improper use or misuse of chemical substances can result In health disorders, fatalities, or chemical disasters. Safe Use of Chemicals A Practical Guide presents quick and comprehensive instruction to those who work with potentially dangerous substances and provides them with the information they need to avoid the hazards associated with handling these chemicals. 

In an exceptional situation the actual exposure can be determined (see Sect. 26.5.3), the hazards of the substance has been defined sufficiently (see Sect. 26.3.5) and above all, the exposure limit to the substance has been set by the competent authority. This may apply for instance to working with ethanol, see also Sect. 26.7.2. In such an ideal situation it is possible to claim completely safe working conditions or, in case of genotoxic and sensitising substances, safe with a societally accepted minor health risk (see Sect. 26.7.2). In practice for pharmacy preparation and reconstitution medicines hardly any exposure limits exist at the moment. In most situations risk mitigation means ... 

Multiplying by zero forces a product of zero, and this equation therefore means that an extremely hazardous substance may present little risk of adverse effect when it is handled under safe and prudent conditions, i.e., when the exposure component of risk is driven toward zero. In occupational settings, exposure, and therefore risk, is controlled or minimized with pmdent work practices, engineering controls (e g., laboratory design, exhaust ventilation), and, if necessary, personal protective equipment. These measures, listed here in preferred order of implementation, are t5q)ically the bailiwick of industrial hygienists. 

---