Hatches/doors

By the same token, in the study by Mangino et al. (2007), it has been also demonstrated that composites are lightweight, fatigue resistant and easily moulded to shape. Polymers and composites have gradually replaced steel for body parts (bumpers, wings, hatch doors, spare wheel container) and many cabin features (Renault document - Shedding weight - Sheet 31, 2009). 

Hatches, doors, and manholes must be opened to provide maximum ventilation. 

An industrial hall is an indoor space that is enclosed by walls, ceiling, and floor. Such an enclosure is normally perforated by openings for supply and extract of ventilation air, pipes for industrial processes, and operable hatches, windows, and doors for regular or occasional use. 

Outline of expected opening of doors, windows, and hatches. 

Access for initial construction and maintenance is a necessary part of planning. Space should be provided for repair and replacement equipment such as cranes and forked trucks, and specialized items such as snow removal equipment, as well as access ways around doors and underground hatches. 

All mechanical doors are required by law to be capable of hand operation in the event of power failure, and doors of all types must have fastenings which can be opened from either side in case an operator is shut in the store. Targer rooms must have an escape door or breakout hatch or panel at the end remote from the doors, for use in an emergency. Door openings are frequently fitted, additionally, with plastic strip curtains or doors, to reduce infiltration when the main door is open. 

Articles which are to he discharged from the clean room (or elsewhere) to the aseptic area must he sterilized. To achieve this they should be transferred via a double-ended sterilizer (i.e. with a door at each end). If it is not possible, or required, that they be discharged directly to the aseptic area, they should be (i) double-wrapped before sterilization (ii) transferred immediately after sterilization to a clean environment until required and (iii) transferred from this clean environment via a double-doored hatch (where the outer wrapping is removed) to the aseptic area (where the inner wrapper is removed at the workbench). Hatchways and sterilizers should be arranged so that only one side of the entry into an aseptic area may be opened at any one time. Solutions manufactured in the clean room may be brought into the aseptic area through a sterile 0.22-/im bacteria-proof membrane filter. 

Exit routes and doors from all facilities should be provided according to the requirements of NFPA 101. The minimum width of all exit routes should not be less than a standardized width, 1.0 meter (39 inches) being commonly adopted. Where low occupancy rooms are provided in offshore facilities near process areas, a secondary emergency escape hatch is provided as an alternative means of escape in addition to the normal means of egress. 

Security breach. Physical security breaches, such as unsecured doors, open hatches, and unlocked/forced gates, are probably the most common threat warnings. In most cases, the security breach is likely related to lax operations or typical criminal activity such as trespassing, vandalism, and theft. However, it may be prudent to assess any security breach with respect to the possibility of attack. 

Upon completion of site characterization activities, the team should prepare to exit the site. At this stage, the team should make sure that they have documented their findings, collected all equipment and samples, and resecured the site (e.g., locked doors, hatches, and gates). If the site is considered to be a potentially hazardous site or crime scene, there may be additional steps involved in exiting the site. 

Approved explosion venting windows are available. Also, sky-lights, roof hatches, or light windows hinged at the top and carefully installed to swing outward under even slight pressure can be useful. Under some conditions, doors equipped with releasing latches may be utilized as vents... 

Several hundred victims undress out of doors when the weather permitted, otherwise in the mortuary victims walk to the gas chamber [passing heaps of corpses from the last batch which are awaiting their cremation..Zyklon B is thrown in through input hatches, from a ladder after 15 to 20 minutes the doors are opened bodies are removed to the mortuary or outside to the burning pits behind crematorium V, while the workers sometimes do and sometimes do not wear gas masks [which would be fatal, since no ventilation system reduces the HCN concentration]. According to Pressac, the number of victims is difficult to estimate, presumably approximately 100,000 each.125 The same goes for Bunkers I and II. 

AIR LOCK An enclosed space with two or more doors (only one of which is opened at any one time), which is interposed between two or more rooms (e.g. of differing class of cleanliness), for the purpose of controlling the air flow between those rooms when they need to be entered. An air lock may be designed for and used by either people or goods in the latter case it may also be termed a pass-through hatch . An air lock may also be the anteroom to a clean room in which sterile goods are processed. 

Articles should be sterilized and passed into the areas through double ended sterilizers sealed into the wall, or by a procedures which achieves the same ends (this refers to products not sterilized in the final containers). Subject to safety precautions, hatch sterilizers and air locks should be arranged so that only one side may be opened at any one time. Because of difficulties in cleaning the sliding gear, sliding doors should be avoided. 

Confinement Systems. The design of a confinement ventiiation system should ensure the ability to maintain desired airflow characteristics when personnel access doors or hatches are open. When necessa ry, air Iocks or encIosed vest i buIes shouId be used to minimize the impact of this on the ventilation system and to prevent the spread of airborne contam i nat ion within the fac iIi ty. The vent iI at i on system design should provide the required confinement capability under all AOEs and DBAs with the addition of a single failure in the system. 

For answering the third question, the enthe building structures of the NPP must be included in the database. For each compartment, the fire compartment boundaries (fire barriers such as walls, ceihngs, floors including all the fire barrier elements, e.g. doors and dampers) as well as the connections between compartments (e.g. doors, hatches, ventilation ducts and then attributes) and connections to adjacent compartments have to be known. In this context, it has to be ensmed that the first two questions can also be answered for the adjacent compartments. 

Once the pultruded section has left the die and cooled sufficiently, it is clamped and a flying saw moves along with the clamped section to cut off required lengths. Extra long lengths can be accommodated by feeding the pultrusion out through a door, window or hatch... 

---