Hamburger effect

This occurs because deoxy-Hb forms carbamino-complexes with C02 more readily than oxy-Hb. Secondly, deoxy-Hb is a better buffer of H+ than oxy-Hb and this increases the amount of HC03 formed. Once formed, HC03 diffuses out of the erythrocyte. To maintain electrical neutrality Cl- moves in. This is known as the Cl shift or the Hamburger effect. 

S Zhou, M Hamburger. Effects of solvent composition on molecular ion response in electrospray mass spectrometry investigation of the ionization processes. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 9 1516—1521, 1995. 

The solubility of oxygen in water with a salt content up to 1 mol L is only dependent on the temperature. The oxygen concentrations in equilibrium with air amount to (in mg L- ) 0°C, 14 10°C, 11 20°C, 9 and 30°C, 7. The depth of water has no effect in the case of ships. In Hamburg harbor in summer, 7.3 mg L are measured in depths up to 7 m. The value can be much lower in polluted harbors and even fall to zero [8]. In the open sea, constant values are found at depths of up to 20 m. With increasing depth, the Oj content in oceans with low flow rates decreases [12] but hardly changes at all with depth in the North Sea [13]. 

Chester, G., Loftus, N.J., Woollen, B.H., and Anema, B.P. (1990b) The effectiveness of protective clothing in reducing dermal exposure to, and absorption of, the herbicide fluazifop-P-butyl by mixer-loader-applicators using tractor sprayers, in Book of Abstracts, Seventh International Congress of Pesticide Chemistry, Vol. Ill, Freshe, H. and Kesseler-Smith, E., Eds., Conway, Hamburg. 

Sayago-Ayerdi SG, Brenes A and Goni 1.2009. Effect of grape antioxidant dietary fiber on the lipid oxidation on raw and cooking chicken hamburgers. LWT Food Sci Technol. 42 971-976. 

Hegler (1928) reported the effects of a phosgene accident that occurred in Hamburg, Germany, on May 20,1928. Eleven metric tons of pure phosgene ... 

Kumra, S., Jacobsen, L.K., Lenane, M., Smith, A., Lee, P., Malanga, C.J., Karp, B.I., Hamburger, S., and Rapoport, J.L. (1998a) Case series spectrum of neuroleptic-induced movement disorders and extrapyramidal side effects in childhood-onset schizophrenia. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 37 221-227. 

Wudarsky, M., Nicolson, R., Hamburger, S.D., Spechler, L., Goch-man, R, Bedwell, J., Lenane, M.C., and Rapoport, J.L. (1999) Elevated prolactin in pediatric patients on typical and atypical antipsychotics. / Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 9 239—245. Zuddas, A. Tedda, M.G., Fratta, A., Muglia, P., and Cianchetti, C. (1996) Clinical effects of clozapine on autistic disorder [letter]. Am Psychiatry 153 738. 

Castellanos, F.X., Giedd, J.N., Elia, J., Marsh, W.L., Ritchie, G.F., Hamburger, S.D., and Rapoport, J.L. (1997) Controlled stimulant treatment of ADHD and comorbid Tourette s syndrome effects of stimulant and dose. / Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36 589-96. 

Hamburger, M., Baumann, D., and Adler, S., Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of selected medicinal plants — effects of high pressure and added ethanol on yield of extracted substances, Phytochem. Anal., 15, 46, 2004. 

Widlansky, M.E., Duffy, S.J., Hamburg, N.M., Gokce, N., Warden, B.A., Wiseman, S., Keaney, J.F., Jr., Frei, B., and Vita, J.A., Effects of black tea consumption on plasma catechins and markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with coronary artery disease. Free Radical Biol Med, 38, 499, 2005. 

Clark WR, Hamburger RJ, Lysaght MJ. Effect of membrane composition and structure on solute removal and biocompatibility in hemodialysis. Kidney International 1999, 56, 2005-2015. 

Hoss, S. and Krebs, F. (2003) Dilution of toxic sediments with unpolluted artificial and natural sediment - Effects on Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematoda) in a whole sediment bioassay -Proceedings 13th Annual meeting, Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Europe Branch (SETAC-Europe), 28.04 -01.05. 2003, Hamburg, pp. 148. 

Miller, R. A. (2002). The effects of clothing on human decomposition implications for estimating time since death. Unpublished M.A. thesis, University of Ten-nessee-Knoxville. Mwyer-Larson, W. (1972). Man Made Fibres. Hamburg International Rayon and Synthetic Fibres Committee, Rowohlt. 

Report on Effects of Acidifying and Other Air Pollutants on Forests (English edition). F. Scholz, UN Economic Commission for Europe reprint from Mitteilungen der Bundesforschungsanstalt fur Forst- und Holzwirtschaft, Hamburg, April 1984. 

Sauermann, G. and Schreiner, V., The skin caring effects of topical products containing lanolin alcohols, in The Lanolin Book, Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg, 1999, p. 217. 

Lisiewska, Z. and Kmiecik, W. (1997) Effect of freezing and storage on quality factors in Hamburg and leafy parsley. Food Chemistry 60(4), 633-637. 

Pariza, M.W., Ashoor, S.H., Chu, F.S., Lund, D.B. 1979. Effects of temperature and time on mutagen formation in pan-fried hamburger. Cancer Lett. 7, 63-69. 

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