Midazolam halothane

Midazolam produced marked reduction of the MAC of halothane in humans at lower serum concentrations than required to cause sleep (62). 

Inagaki Y, Sumikawa K, Yoshiya I. Anesthetic interaction between midazolam and halothane in humans. Anesth Analg 1993 76(3) 613-7. 

Midazolam decreases the minimum alveolar concentration of halothane needed for general anesthesia... 

A 2-year-old girl with a past history of asthma, developmental delay, short neck, and lumbar lordosis, but no known genetic defect or syndrome underwent anesthesia with midazolam and paracetamol premedication, halothane and nitrous oxide induction, and isoflurane plus nitrous oxide for maintenance of anesthesia. Difficulty with mouth opening was noted and endotracheal intubation was difficult. Limb rigidity developed rapidly. Thiopental and cisatracurium were given and the muscle rigidity abated over the next 10 minutes. 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with amiodarone, amprenavir, anisindione, antacids, anticoagulants, aprepitant, atazanavir, atovaquone, beclomethasone, buprenorphine, corticosteroids, cortisone, cyclosporine, cyproterone, dabigatran, dapsone, darunavir, delavirdine, dexamethasone, dicumarol, digoxin, eszopiclone, flunisolide, fosamprenavir, gadoxetate, gestrinone, halothane, imatinib, isoniazid, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lapatinib, lorcainide, methylprednisolone, midazolam, nelfinavir, nifedipine, oral contraceptives, phenylbutazone, prednisone, protease inhibitors, pyrazinamide, ramelteon, ritonavir, saquinavir, solifenacin, sunitinib, tacrolimus, telithromycin, temsirolimus, tipranavir, tolvaptan, trabectedin, triamcinolone, triazolam, voriconazole, warfarin, zaleplon... 

Fentanyl, ketamine, midazolam, propofol, thiopental Enflurane, desflurane, halothane, isoflurane, nitrous oxide, sevoflurane... 

In addition to pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions, pharmacodynamic effects have been reported as well. Halothane increases the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias under theophylline therapy as a result of increased sensitivity of the myocardium to endogenous catecholamine release by theophylUne. Ketamine lowers the theophyUine seizure threshold. Benzodiazepines Uke midazolam, diazepam, lorazepam, and Uurazepam increase the central nervous system concentration of adenosine, a potent central nervous system depressant. As theophyUine also blocks adenosine receptors, it counteracts benzodiazepine-induced sedation, resulting in increased dosage requirements for these compounds. ... 

In a study in 50 women undergoing surgery midazolam markedly potentiated the anaesthetic action of halothane a mean midazolam dose of 278 micrograms/kg reduced the halothane MAC by 51.3%. ... 

The interactions between propofol or thiopental and midazolam are well established. This synergy has been utilised for the induction of anaesthesia. Midazolam also reduces the dose requirements of halothane. Other benzodiazepines may also potentiate the effects of general anaesthetics. 

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