Hallucinogens dissociative anesthetic

Residual Effects of MDMA Anticholinergic Hallucinogens Dissociative Anesthetic Hallucinogens... 

For many years it was believed that the brain mechanisms underlying the effects of psychedelic hallucinogens and dissociative anesthetics were separate and distinct. Indeed, there has been considerable debate about which represents the best drag model of schizophrenia. However, recent data show that the two classes of psychotomimetic drags share a common final pathway involving an increase in the release of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. 

Finally, a fourth class of hallucinogens includes phencyclidine (PCP or angel dust ) and the related compound ketamine. These are often referred to as the dissociative anesthetics because of their ability to produce surgical anesthesia while the individual remains at least semiconscious. Dissociative anesthetics arc thought to act through a receptor that influences activity of the excitatory amino acid ncurotransmittcr, glutamate (Balazs, Bridges, Cotman, 2006). 

Hallucinogens may be divided into four classes serotonergic hallucinogens, methylated amphetamines, anticholinergic hallucinogens, and dissociative anesthetics. 

Phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine are classified as dissociative anesthetic hallucinogens. They produce a potent intoxication at moderate doses and complete surgical anesthesia at higher doses. Violent psychotic reactions appear to be fairly common with PCP. 

Ketamine hydrochloride is a synthetic drug called a dissociative anesthetic. It is a very strong hallucinogen. Its physical effects are similar to those produced by PCP (phencyclidine). Ketamine also causes the type of visual hallucinations that are often associated with taking LSD. 

PCP is a controlled substance called phencyclidine that causes hallucinations. Usage can result in assaults, murders, and suicides. PCP was developed in the late 1950s as a dissociative anesthetic that leaves a patient awake but detached from surroundings and unresponsive to pain. Once the dmg s hallucinogenic effect was discovered, PCP was withdrawn from use in humans, but continued to be used in veterinary medicine. PCP picked up the street name hog because of its use with animals. 

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