Cultures, hairy root

Decarboxybetaiudin, the glucoside of which was reported recently in hairy root cultures of yellow beet, may be synthesized from dopamine. Two further alternatives were proposed earlier. While Minale and co-workers subjected betanin... 

Foreign Protein Expression Using Plant Cell Suspension and Hairy Root Cultures... 

The presence of foreign protein in the medium of plant cultures does not necessarily mean that all or even most of the product can be recovered from the medium. In many expression systems where an appropriate signal sequence has been used, considerable amounts of foreign protein remain within the plant cells and/or tissues. For example, in a comparison of IgG antibody production in tobacco cell suspension and hairy root cultures, a maximum of 72% of the total antibody was found in the medium of the suspension cultures whereas only 26% was found in the medium of the hairy root cultures [17]. This result could indicate that secretion and/or transport across the cell wall was slower in the hairy roots alternatively, it could indicate poorer stability of the secreted protein in the hairy root medium. If foreign proteins are to be purified from the medium, improved secretion and extracellular product stability are desirable. 

Increasing concentrations of PVP 360,000 up to 1.0 g L 1 improved antibody accumulation in hairy root culture medium however, above this concentration there was no further increase in antibody levels [19]. Addition of PVP after extracellular foreign protein levels had decreased during plant suspension culture did not result in a recovery of the protein [66]. 

Supplementation of Gamborg s B5 medium with 0.1% KN03 (in addition to the 0.25% KN03 usually present in B5 medium) resulted in a significant increase in antibody levels in tobacco hairy root cultures [19]. The antibody concentration in the medium increased 2.8-fold and the total antibody accumulation increased by 90% relative to cultures without added nitrate. 

In transgenic hairy root cultures, the concentration of IgG antibody in the biomass increased by 52% relative to the levels obtained under air when the roots were cultured at a dissolved oxygen tension of 150% air saturation [17]. Compared with root cultures grown at 50% air saturation, which is a realistic operating dissolved oxygen tension in poorly mixed, large-scale root reactors, oxygen enrichment to 150% air saturation improved total antibody accumulation 2.9-fold. 

R. Wongsamuth, P. M. Doran, Hairy roots as an expression system for production of antibodies, in Hairy Roots Culture and Applications, ed. P. M. Doran, Harwood Academic, Amsterdam, 1997, 89-97. 

RicinB fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) Tobacco leaf and hairy root culture GFP-specific IgG present in serum IgA in semm and fecal matter. 10... 

Synthesis of scopolamine (Fig. 4), a tropane alkaloid of known anticholinergic properties, was induced hy fivefold in hairy root cultures of Atropa belladonna overexpressing hyoscianine 6[3-hydroxilase. ... 

Camptothecin (Fig. 4), a quinoline alkaloid, is a potent anti-neoplastic agent that inhibits DNA topoisomerase I. Accumulation of up to 8 mg of camptothecin/L was reported for hairy root cultures of Ophiorriza pumila transformed with A. rhizogenes. Cotyledon-derived calluses of Nothapodytes foetida were able to produce not only camptothecin, but also its derivatives also known to exhibit anticancer activity. 

Lee KT, Chen SC, Chiang BL, Yamakawa T. (2007) Heat-inducible production of beta-glucuronidase in tobacco hairy root cultures. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 73 1047-1053. 

Saito K, Sudo H, Yamazaki M, Koseki-Nakamura M, Kitajima M, Takayama H, Aimi N. (2001) Feasible production of camptothecin by hairy root culture of Ophiorrhiza pumila. Plant Cell Rep 20 261-21. ... 

Plant cell culture is useful in laboratory and in industry because it allows plant natural products to be produced in a relatively controlled manner, and provides a supply of plant material that is not affected by sourcing problems, such as environmental, seasonal, geographical, and political factors.Also, plant cell culture allows for the tweaking and rearrangement of secondary metabolite biochemical pathways in order to produce novel metabolites, and to increase target compound yields, as well as allowing derivatives to be formed by introduction of analogs of natural intermediates.Plant cell culture can be performed with callus and suspension cultures, as well as with shoot cultures and hairy root cultures. These latter two approaches are especially useful when a metabolite is found to be produced more readily in differentiated cells. 

Wang JW et ai, The preparation of an elicitor from a fungal endophyte to enhance artemisinin production in hairy root cultures oiArtemisia annua L, Ch JBiotechnol 22 829-834, 2006. 

Dechaux, C. and Boitel-Conti, M. 2005. A strategy for overaccumulation of scopolamine in datura innoxia hairy root cultures. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica, 47(1) 101-107. 

Luczkiewicz, M. and Kokotkiewicz, A. 2005. Genista tinctoria hairy root cultures for selective production of isoliquiritigenin. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung C -... 

Osawa, T., M. Nagata, M. Namiki, and Y. Fukuda. Sesaminol, a novel antioxidant isolated from sesame seeds. Agr Biol Chem 1985 49(11) 3351-3352. Ogasawara, T., K. Chiba, and M. Tada. Production in high yield of naphthoquinone by a hairy root culture of Sesamum indicum. Phytochemistry 1993 33(5) 1095-1098. 

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