Hair-pin loop

Figure 18-5 shows a block diagram of the ENDOR apparatus. This equipment was first used in conjunction with a Varian E-12 EPR spectrometer, but is meant to show the general features of apparatus that could be used with any EPR spectrometer. The EPR cavity (Figure 18-1) was modified for the ENDOR experiment with the inclusion of a hair-pin loop around the Cryo-Tip. The loop is fed with a 50 0 transmission line from a 50-100 Watt broadband radio-frequency (rf) amplifier and is terminated with a non-inductive, water cooled 50 O resistance. 

NPY is a member of the pancreatic polypeptide (PP) family of peptide hormones (Glover et al., 1985 Schwartz et al., 1990). A high-resolution X-ray analysis of one member of this family, avian pancreatic polypeptide (aPP), has been reported (Blundell et al., 1981 Glover et al., 1983), and a tertiary structure, referred to as the PP-fold (or the hair-pin loop), for the PP family was proposed. The PP-fold consists of... 

The Hall was silent, but we dared not linger for the usual ceremonies. In my chamber my mother helped me undress to my smock in silent haste, unbound my hair and looped it up again with a pin or two, kissed me formally, and left with a curtsy to the King where he waited on the landing as if he were no more than his own page. 

B-TEM sanple corresponding to the above specimen. From the B-ThM saitples, it was possible to conduct detailed TEM analysis which gave the follcwing information on the above defects. Dislocation loops at depth level I were dominantly a/3 <111> type and extrinsic (extra layers) in nature. The tips of the hair-pin dislocations were of the same character as at I, however, the arms of the hair-pins lay along all six <110> directions. The defects in layer III were found to be stacking fault bundles and microtwins by atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy (17). 

The direct detection of DNA via conformational changes of ferrocene-conjugated DNA stem-loop (or hair-pin) structure onto electrode surface induced by the hybridization was also proposed (Fig. 11.1c) [4, 20]. The conformational change induces the displacement of ferrocene molecules from the electrode surface, resulting in a drop in peak redox current measured by cyclic voltametry. The detection limits were 115 fM for 24-base oligonucleotide [20] and 10 pM for 17-base oligonucleotide [4], respectively. Furthermore, the difference between... 

Single stranded RNAs consisting of 100s of bases fold back on themselves and undergo complementary baseparing to form double-stranded short-hairpin RNA (shRNA). The loop of the hair-pin is excised by endonucleases, e.g Dicer, to produce multiple functional miRNAs. 

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