Growth factors, phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis

D.S., Mato, J.M., and Rosen, O.M. Hydrolysis of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol in response to insulin is reduced in cells bearing kinase-deficient insulin receptors. Growth Factors, 1990, 2, 91—97. 

Clemente, R., Jones, D.R., Ochoa, P., Romero, G., Mato, J.M., and Varela-Nieto, 1. Role of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis as a mitogenic signal for epidermal growth factor. Cell Signal,... 

J., and Varela-Nieto, I. Insulin-like growth factor-I regulates cell proliferation in the developing inner ear, activating glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis and Eos expression. Endocrinology, 1995,... 

Gene expression and cellular proliferation are induced by the concomitant activation of protein kinase C and mobilization of Ca ". The activation of both of these pathways by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate hydrolysis, is necessary for DNA synthesis in macrophage-depleted human peripheral lymphocytes. However, the mechanisms regulating rapid cell proliferation are complex as demonstrated by their dependence on the combined presence of both activated protein kinase C and growth factors. 

The hormone-sensitive inositol lipid pool is confined to the plasma membrane where most of the phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate is located. Although the other inositol lipids have been suggested to be used for cell signalling, it is phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate which is by far the most important. Increased hydrolysis of this lipid is caused by a host of stimuli including neurotransmitters, releasing factors, hormones, growth factors, fertilization and light. 

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