Green transportation

Keywords Low carbon island Green transportation Economic input-output life cycle assessment Carbon footprint System dynamics... 

Penghu is being developed as a natural resort and an environmental friendly island. The carbon island development project combines local features with different low carbon actions and appUcations to create a better environment. The lO analysis and LQ methods are used to assess the industrial sectors CF. And then the smdy analyzes the green transportation policy and evaluates its benefits toward CO2 emissions reduction [1, 2]. 

The EIO-LCA method is used to assess the industrial sectors carbon emission produced by past tourism development in Penghu County. The result shows that Transportation and Communication has the greatest impact on Penghu s environment. Therefore, the SD model is constracted with specific causal feedback loops to analyze the effectiveness of required investment cost and the corresponding benefits for green transportation development. And green transportation developments consist of following policies [7] ... 

Ffe. 26.3 Causal feedback loop for green transportation development... 

Fig. 26.4 The quantitative SD model for the green transportation pilot project...

Afterward, the mathematical model with causal feedback relationships is con-stmcted based on the proposed green transportation strategy (Fig. 26.4). The variables are identified and relevant equations are established based on the feedbacks and cause-and-effect loops. Next, we introduce sub-model of the green transportation policy. 

Total electric scooters sub-model reflects the amount of electric scooters that the government imported. If carbon emission gap between total CO2 emissions and green transport carbon emission goal is positive, then the government imports electric scooters continually. The government stops the import policy if the carbon emission gap is zero or negative. 

This paper simulates four scenarios as shown in Table 26.8. Scenario 1 is business as usual (BAU), which represents non implementation of any green transportation policy. Scenario 2 is to subsidize 6,000 electric scooters per year in 2011, 2012 and 2013. Scenario 3 is to annually subsidize 6,000 electric scooters (year 2011 through year 2013) and also stop licensing two-stroke gasoline motorcycles. Scenario 4 is a... 

Table 26.8 Four green transportation scenarios used in the ease study...

Trappey AJC, Trappey CV, Hsiao CT, Ou JR, Li SJ, Chen KWP (2012) An evaluation model for low carbon island policy the ease of Taiwan s green transportation policy. Energy Policy 45 510-515... 

Many fruits are picked while still green, transported to stores, and then sprayed with ethylene gas to promote ripening. In some cases, their exposure to ethylene is insufficient, which explains why you might find green bananas in the grocery store. To ripen bananas in your home, simply place them in a paper bag, which subjects the bananas to their own natural ethylene. To speed up the process, place a ripe fruit in the bag as well, because ripe fruits produce more ethylene than unripe fruits. This method will work with any fruit that produces ethylene, including mangos, kiwis, avocados, tomatoes, apples, and pears. 

Zaghib K, Mauger A, Julien CM (2012) Overwiew of ohvines in lithium battraies for green transportation and energy storage. J Solid State Electrochem 16 835-845... 

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