Graft copolymers poly /styrene

Reaction Rates and Physical Properties in the Radiation Graft-Copolymer System Poly(vinyl chloride)—Styrene... 

The macromonomers thus obtained exhibit molecular weights as low as 1000. They were copolymerized with monomers such as styrene and butyl acrylate whereby graft copolymers with poly(vinyl chloride) grafts were obtained. 

The graft copolymers with poly (H-1) arms have multiple carbon—halogen bonds that can initiate copper-catalyzed radical polymerization to give highly branched dendrigraft polymers.432 The products with styrene or nBMA had relatively narrow MWDs because each chain was prepared by living polymerization. 

Figure 9.17 Plot of log [i ]M versus retention volume for various polymers, showing how different systems are represented by a single calibration curve when data are represented in this manner. The polymers used include linear and branched polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(phenyl siloxane), polybutadiene, and branched, block, and graft copolymers of styrene and methyl methacrylate. [From Z. Grubisec, P. Rempp, and H. Benoit, Polym. Lett. 5 753 (1967), used with permission of Wiley.]...

In addition to providing fully alkyl/aryl-substituted polyphosphasenes, the versatility of the process in Figure 2 has allowed the preparation of various functionalized polymers and copolymers. Thus the monomer (10) can be derivatized via deprotonation—substitution, when a P-methyl (or P—CH2—) group is present, to provide new phosphoranimines some of which, in turn, serve as precursors to new polymers (64). In the same vein, polymers containing a P—CH group, for example, poly(methylphenylphosphazene), can also be derivatized by deprotonation—substitution reactions without chain scission. This has produced a number of functionalized polymers (64,71—73), including water-soluble carboxylate salts (11), as well as graft copolymers with styrene (74) and with dimethylsiloxane (12) (75). 

Problem 31.7 1 Irradiation of poly(-l,3-butadiene), followed by addition of styrene, yields a graft copolymer that is used to make rubber soles for shoes. Draw the structure of a representative segment of this styrene-butadiene graft copolymer. 

Grafting of 2-methyloxazoline onto chloromethylated polystyrene beads in benzonitrile at 110 °C gave graft copolymers, which were hydrolyzed to poly(styrene-g-ethylenimine) and useful as a chelating resin370. ... 

A radical initiator based on the oxidation adduct of an alkyl-9-BBN (47) has been utilized to produce poly(methylmethacrylate) (48) (Fig. 31) from methylmethacrylate monomer by a living anionic polymerization route that does not require the mediation of a metal catalyst. The relatively broad molecular weight distribution (PDI = (MJM ) 2.5) compared with those in living anionic polymerization cases was attributed to the slow initiation of the polymerization.69 A similar radical polymerization route aided by 47 was utilized in the synthesis of functionalized syndiotactic polystyrene (PS) polymers by the copolymerization of styrene.70 The borane groups in the functionalized syndiotactic polystyrenes were transformed into free-radical initiators for the in situ free-radical graft polymerization to prepare s-PS-g-PMMA graft copolymers. 

A combination of TEMPO living free radical (LFRP) and anionic polymerization was used for the synthesis of block-graft, block-brush, and graft-block-graft copolymers of styrene and isoprene [201]. The block-graft copolymers were synthesized by preparing a PS-fo-poly(styrene-co-p-chloromethylstyrene) by LFRP [Scheme 110 (1)], and the subsequent re-... 

ATRP and grafting from methods led to the synthesis of poly(styrene-g-tert-butyl acrylate)-fr-poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-fr-poly(styrene-g-ferf-butyl acrylate) block-graft copolymer [203]. ATRP initiating sites were produced along the PS blocks by chloromethylation as shown in Scheme 112. These sites then served to polymerize the ferf-butyl acrylate. The poly(ferf-butyl acrylate) grafts were hydrolyzed to result in the corresponding poly(acrylic... 

MBS (methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene) graft copolymers are known as one of the most efficient non-reactive impact modifiers for PET and also poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). MBS is used commercially as an effective impact modifier for PET recyclate [27], Typical MBS rubber particles contain an elastomeric core of... 

MBS (poly(methyl methacrylate)-g-poly(butadiene/styrene) graft copolymer) Paraloid EXL Rohm Haas... 

Graft copolymers of nylon, protein, cellulose, starch, copolymers, or vinyl alcohol have been prepared by the reaction of ethylene oxide with these polymers. Graft copolymers are also produced when styrene is polymerized by Lewis acids in the presence of poly-p-methoxystyrene. The Merrifield synthesis of polypeptides is also based on graft copolymers formed from chloromethaylated PS. Thus, the variety of graft copolymers is great. 

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