GOLD software

By means of AutoDock [134] and Gold software [135], laulimalide, peloruside and paclitaxel were docked in this structure, but only the former two compounds were able to give profitable interactions, mainly because of the overall size of the ligands. Nevertheless, the calculated binding energies for laulimalide and peloruside into the paclitaxel binding site were favorable to interaction, as well as the binding predictions performed with the pseudoreceptor model [133],... 

CE experiments were performed on a Bekcman P/ACE System 2200, equipped with an autosampler, a temperature-controlled fluid-cooled capillary cartridge, an automatic injector, a power supply able to deliver up to 30kV, and a UV detector. A System Gold Software data system version 810 was used for instrument control and for data acquisition and analysis. The separations were performed using a neutral capillary (eCAP Neutral Capillary, Beckman Instruments) of 45 cm (33 cm to the detector window) x 50 pm internal diameter. This capillary utilizes a secondary layer of polyacrylamide to generate a hydrophilic surface. 

Samples were run on a Beckman P/ACE System 5010 CE unit (Beckman Instruments, Palo. Alto. Calif.). A 57 cm x 75 pm i.d. (Beckman Instruments, Palo. Alto. Calif), a 57 cm X 50 pm i.d. capillary and a 47 cm x 50 pm capillary (Polymicro Technologies) were used. Data acquisition, analysis, and instrument control were done with Beckman System Gold software. Unless otherwise noted, all samples were run at 23 C and were injected hydrodynamically for 5 seconds with 0.5 psi pressure. This corresponds to a 30 nL injection for the 57 cm x 75 pm i.d. capillary, 8.0 nL for the 47 cm X 50 pm capillary and 6.0 nL for the 57 cm x 50 pm i.d. capillary. The voltage and run time varied depending on the sample, capillary and are noted in the text. UV detection was performed on-column (deuterium lamp, 200 nm). CZE Separation Conditions for Peptide Analysis 47 cm x 50 pm i.d. 22.5 kV. 

Figure 10.2 Data and simulation of the impedance behaviour of hexacyanoferrate(ii) ion at a gold disc electrode. The experimentally obtained data are represented with circles while the simulation, performed with the Eco Chimie GPES software, is shown as a continuous line. Reprinted with permission of Dr K Dawes, Windsor Scientific, Slough, UK.

Figure 10.2 shows data, both experimental and simulated, for hexacyanofer-rate(ii) ion at a gold disc electrode. The Warburg line at 45° indicates a diffusion process (see Section 8.2.2). The continuous line represents impedance data simulated by the Eco Chimie GPES software (as described below). Here, the fit between theory and experiment is seen to be very good. 

During the Western Project, a total of 3000 grab samples were assayed by using the rapid spectral method to determine 32 elements and chemical adsorption to determine gold. Spectral assay data were processed in order to determine the distribution of 24 elements. Background (Cf) values were calculated using Lognormal Statistics software. 

HPLC system Gold 128 (Beckman-Coulter) with autosampler (Midas, Spark) and EC detection CLC-100 (Chromsystems, Munich, Germany) is used. Sample results are analyzed by 32 Karat Software (Beckman Coulter). 

FDA Computer Investigation Expertise" and "Software Documentation" The Gold Sheet. July, 1986, 20, No. 7. 

The so-called dip-pen nanolithography is one of these promising novel techniques. It has been developed by Ch. Mirkin etal. and is based on the use of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) tips to deposit functionalized molecules on appropriate surfaces. The molecules are first deposited in solid state on the tip. The transport to the surface happens by means of the water meniscus between the tip and the surface that is present in air of usual humidity. Gold surfaces are preferably used to deposit thiol molecules forming strong Au-S bonds. The places were thiol molecules are deposited simply depend on the software moving the AFM tip on the surface. Figure 13 explains in a simplified manner the process. 

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