Gold protocols

Fig. 2. Ultrastructure of a Golgi-to-plasma-membrane carrier (GPC) formation site. A. A VSVG-GFP-transfected Cos cell was fixed at the moment of formation of a GPC (arrow), labeled with an antibody against VSVG using the immuno-gold protocol, and processed for...

Maye MM, Kariuiki NN, et al. 2004. Electrocatal3dic reduction of oxygen Gold and gold-platinum nanoparticle catalysts prepared by two-phase protocol. Gold Bull 37(3-4) 217-223. 

Deliver the plasmid-coated gold or tungsten particles into the detached leaves using a particle delivery system of choice (e.g., Bio-Rad Biolistic PDS-1000 HE particle delivery system) following the manufacture s protocol. 

Cyclization of. V-alkeny lam ides to 2-oxazolines was achieved in very mild conditions with fert-butyl hypoiodite <06OL3335>. The 5-exo-dig gold(I)-catalyzed cyclization of propargylic trichloroacetimidates 129 proceeded with remarkably efficiency under very mild conditions to give 4-methylene-4,5-dihydrooxazoles 130 in good yields. The mildness of the protocol was clearly responsible for the lack of isomerization of the final products to the corresponding, thermodynamically more stable, oxazoles <06OL3537>. 

Hydroamination of olefins has received considerable attention this year as a route to functionalized piperidines and spiropiperidines, particularly in regard to the investigation of new catalysts. In the synthesis of spiro-piperidines, two new mild and more general intramolecular hydroamination protocols were developed this year. One protocol uses a cationic gold-phosphine complex (Au[P(fBu)2(o-biphenyl)]Cl) as the catalyst... 

This section discusses the properties of gold particles as well as the common methods of labeling proteins and other biomolecules with them. The cited references should be consulted to obtain protocols for using these protein-gold complexes in assay and detection systems. 

An approximation of the correct amount of protein to be added to a gold sol to maintain stability of the colloid can be done using the following protocol (Slot and Geuze, 1984). 

The following generalized protocol is an adaptation for the labeling of 15 nm gold particles with Aplysia gonad lectin, as described by Benhamou et al., 1988. Each lectin-gold preparation will have its own unique pH optimum and ratio of lectin-to-gold for the absorption process. 

The following protocol is based on the method of Morris and Saelinger (1984) for the labeling of succinylated avidin with gold particles of 5.2nm diameter. Succinylated avidin was used to reduce the pi of the protein, thus eliminating nonspecific binding due to the strong positive... 

A similar protocol has been used by Bonnard et al. (1984) in the preparation of streptavidin-gold probes. 

Visualizing more than one epitope on one section can be accomplished by different fluorescence labeling or different sizes of colloidal gold coupled to primary or secondary antibodies. Primary antibodies from different species and adequate secondary antibodies labeled differently can be used. In case of primary antibodies from the same species, the hapten technique can be applied. A hapten is a small molecule that can be bound to antibodies dinitrophenol and arsinilate are typically used as haptens. Again, adequate secondary antibodies labeled differently can be used (14,17,32). A collection of protocols for multiple immu-nolabeling has been described by Beesley (37). 

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