Glycolysis in tumor cells

Certain flavonoids are capable of inhibiting a variety of ATPases, including the ohgomycin-sensitive mitochondrial FqFi-ATPase (complex V), Ca, MgT" -ATPase, and Na", K -ATPase (2,25). For example, the effect of quercetin on ATPases and the implication for the regulation of glycolysis in tumor cells have been reviewed [26]. Early ex vivo and in vitro stmcture-activity studies on bovine Fj-ATPase from whole mitochondria [18], submitochondrial particles [27], or the purified enzyme [28] indicated that flavonols (e.g., morin and... 

Chesney, J. Mitchell, R. Benigni, F. Bacher, M. Spiegel, L. Al-Abed, Y. Han, J.H. Metz, C. Bucala, R. An inducible gene product for 6-phospho-fructo-2-kinase with an AU-rich instability element role in tumor cell glycolysis and the Warburg effect. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 3047-3052 (1999)... 

Figure 18.2 Kinetics of F-FDG FDG is taken up by tumor cells via glucose transporters that are overexpressed in cancer. Flexokinase phosphorylates FDG to FDG-6-phosphate, which is not a substrate for glycolysis and is essentially trapped in tumor cells. The arrow on the inserted FDG-PET image shows abnormal glycolytic activity corresponding to a newly diagnosed NSCLC. Note the normal myocardial and bladder activity.

B. Chance, D. Garfinkel, J. Higgins, and B. Hess, Metabolic control mechanisms A solution for the equations representing interaction between glycolysis and respiration in ascites tumor cells. 

Partial inhibition of glycolysis by saturated fatty acids has been observed in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Palmitate and acetate decreased glutamate formation from glutamine (the first step in glutaminolysis) in this cell line, suggesting the possible role of fatty acids as an alternative energy source (Butler et al., 1999). 

It is accepted that the cells in tumors in vivo undergo high rates of aerobic glycolysis to produce lactate. A major substrate appears to be glutamine derived from the degradation of muscle proteins (Newsholme et al., 1985 McKeehan,... 

Broxterman, H.J., Pinedo, H.M., Kuiper, C.M., Schuurhuis, G.J. and Lankelma, J. (1989) Glycolysis in P-glycoprotein-overexpressing human tumor cell lines. Effects of resistance-modifying agents. FEBS Letters, 247, 405-410. 

NDGA has been shown to have antitumor activity in vivo and in vitro. It is a powerful cancer antimetabolite producing in vitro complete inhibition of aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis and respiration of suspensions of several types of tumor cells including leukemia types. In vivo, NDGA combined with ascorbic acid is reported to reduce... 

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